Résumé
Soil microbial communities play a key role in ecosystem functioning but still little is known about the processes that determine their turnover (β-diversity) along ecological gradients. Here, we characterize soil microbial β-diversity at two spatial scales and at multiple phylogenetic grains to ask how archaeal, bacterial and fungal communities are shaped by abiotic processes and biotic interactions with plants. We characterized microbial and plant communities using DNA metabarcoding of soil samples distributed across and within eighteen plots along an elevation gradient in the French Alps. The recovered taxa were placed onto phylogenies to estimate microbial and plant β-diversity at different phylogenetic grains (i.e. resolution). We then modeled microbial β-diversities with respect to plant β-diversities and environmental dissimilarities across plots (landscape scale) and with respect to plant β-diversities and spatial distances within plots (plot scale). At the landscape scale, fungal and archaeal β-diversities were mostly related to plant β-diversity, while bacterial β-diversities were mostly related to environmental dissimilarities. At the plot scale, we detected a modest covariation of bacterial and fungal β-diversities with plant β-diversity; as well as a distance–decay relationship that suggested the influence of ecological drift on microbial communities. In addition, the covariation between fungal and plant β-diversity at the plot scale was highest at fine or intermediate phylogenetic grains hinting that biotic interactions between those clades depends on early-evolved traits. Altogether, we show how multiple ecological processes determine soil microbial community assembly at different spatial scales and how the strength of these processes change among microbial clades. In addition, we emphasized the imprint of microbial and plant evolutionary history on today's microbial community structure.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Loïc Chalmandrier , Johan Pansu , Lucie Zinger , Frederic Boyer , Eric Coissac , Alexandre Génin , Ludovic Gielly , Sébastien Lavergne , Nicolas Legay , Vincent Schilling , Pierre Taberlet , Tamara Münkemüller , Wilfried Thuiller
Publication : Ecography
Date : 2025
Volume : 42
Issue : 12
Pages : 2144-2156
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #eDNARésumé
We aimed to evaluate the importance of modulations of within-tree carbon (C) allocation by water and low-temperature stress for the prediction of annual forest growth with a process-based model.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Joannès Guillemot , Christophe Francois , Gabriel Hmimina , Eric Dufrêne , Nicolas K. Martin-StPaul , Kamel Soudani , Guillaume Marie , Jean-Marc Ourcival , Nicolas Delpierre
Publication : New Phytologist
Date : 2025
Volume : 214
Issue : 1
Pages : 180-193
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET PuechabonAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Mélanie Fichaux , Jason Vleminckx , Elodie A Courtois , Jacques HC Delabie , Jordan Galli , Shengli Tao , Nicolas Labrière , Jérôme Chave , Christopher Baraloto , Jérôme Orivel
Publication : Biotropica
Date : 2025
Volume : 53
Issue : 1
Pages : 97-109
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Olivier Dézerald , Stanislas Talaga , Céline Leroy , Jean-François Carrias , Bruno Corbara , Alain Dejean , Régis Céréghino
Publication : Hydrobiologia
Date : 2025
Volume : 723
Issue : 1
Pages : 77-86
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
An excessive supply of sediment is observed in numerous rivers across the world where it leads to deleterious impacts. Information on the sources delivering this material to waterbodies is required to design effective management measures, and sediment tracing or fingerprinting techniques are increasingly used to quantify the amount of sediment derived from different sources. However, the current methods used to identify the land use contributions to sediment have a limited discrimination power. Here, we investigated the potential of environmental DNA (eDNA) to provide more detailed information on the plant species found in sediment source areas as a next generation fingerprint. To this end, flood sediment deposits (n = 12) were collected in 2017 in two catchments impacted by the Fukushima radioactive fallout along differing river sections draining forests, cropland or a mix of both land uses. Conventional fingerprints (i.e. fallout radionuclides and organic matter properties) were also measured in these samples. The conventional fingerprint model results showed that most sediment samples contained a dominant proportion of subsoil material. Nevertheless, the eDNA information effectively discriminated the three above-mentioned groups of sediment, with the dominance of tree, shrub and fern species in sediment sampled in rivers draining forests versus a majority of grass, algae and cultivated plant species in sediment collected in rivers draining cropland. Based on these encouraging results, future research should examine the potential of eDNA in mixed land use catchments where the contribution of topsoil to sediment dominates and where the cultivation of land has not been abandoned in order to better characterize the memory effect of eDNA in soils and sediment.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Olivier Evrard , J Patrick Laceby , Gentile Francesco Ficetola , Ludovic Gielly , Sylvain Huon , Irène Lefèvre , Yuichi Onda , Jérôme Poulenard
Publication : Science of The Total Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 665
Pages : 873–881
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #eDNAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Andrea E. Berardi , Peter D. Fields , Jessica L. Abbate , Douglas R. Taylor
Publication : American Journal of Botany
Date : 2025
Volume : 103
Issue : 8
Pages : 1508-1523
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Dispersal, defined as any movements potentially leading to gene flow, is a major process driving a species’ capacity to cope with human-induced environmental modifications. However, the dispersal process is multi-causal, which currently hinders predictions regarding a species’ resilience to global change. We used a multifaceted approach to disentangle the relative importance of a suite of dispersal-related factors in the butterfly Lycaena tityrus, including condition- (morphology and behavior) and context- (environmental) dependent factors. Experiments were conducted at an experimental platform dedicated to study dispersal, the Metatron, to record emigration propensity in two-patch experimental metapopulations under different environmental conditions. The butterflies’ individual condition was subsequently assessed in the laboratory. Individual condition did not generally influence emigration propensity. We detected a significant sex bias in emigration propensity, being generally higher in females than in males, but in a context-dependent manner. The environmental context affected emigration propensity, which was higher when habitat quality was poor. Our results show that emigration is not random in L. tityrus, but is rather an active process triggered by sex and habitat quality. Our main finding was that individual condition, and particularly flight ability measured by a performance test, was not related to emigration propensity in experimental metapopulations. Our results may have important implications for forecasting future species distributions, as deteriorating environmental contexts are likely to increase emigration whatever the individual condition is.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Elisabeth Reim , Michel Baguette , Franziska Günter , Klaus Fischer
Publication : Ecosphere
Date : 2025
Volume : 9
Issue : 11
Pages : e02502
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Metatron terrestreRésumé
Type III epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been previously associated with increased cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and therefore cancer aggressiveness. This reversible process is associated with an important gene expression reprogramming mainly due to epigenetic plasticity. Nevertheless, most of the studies describing the central role of epigenetic modifications during EMT were performed in a single-cell model and using only one mode of EMT induction. In our study, we studied the overall modulations of gene expression and epigenetic modifications in four different EMT-induced cell models issued from different tissues and using different inducers of EMT. Pangenomic analysis (transcriptome and ChIP–sequencing) validated our hypothesis that gene expression reprogramming during EMT is largely regulated by epigenetic modifications of a wide range of genes. Indeed, our results confirmed that each EMT model is unique and can be associated with a specific transcriptome profile and epigenetic program. However, we could select some genes or pathways that are similarly regulated in the different models and that could therefore be used as a common signature of all EMT models and become new biomarkers of the EMT phenotype. As an example, we can cite the regulation of gene-coding proteins involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which are highly induced in all EMT models. Based on our investigations and results, we identified ADAM19 as a new biomarker of in vitro and in vivo EMT and we validated this biological new marker in a cohort of non-small lung carcinomas.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Paul Peixoto , Amandine Etcheverry , Marc Aubry , Anaïs Missey , Camille Lachat , Jérôme Perrard , Elodie Hendrick , Régis Delage-Mourroux , Jean Mosser , Christophe Borg , Jean-Paul Feugeas , Michaël Herfs , Michaël Boyer-Guittaut , Eric Hervouet
Publication : Cell Death & Disease
Date : 2019
Volume : 10
Issue : 3
Pages : 1-17
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesRésumé
There is increasing evidence that the circadian clock is a significant driver of photosynthesis that becomes apparent when environmental cues are experimentally held constant. We studied whether the composition of photosynthetic pigments is under circadian regulation, and whether pigment oscillations lead to rhythmic changes in photochemical efficiency. To address these questions, we maintained canopies of bean and cotton, after an entrainment phase, under constant (light or darkness) conditions for 30–48 h. Photosynthesis and quantum yield peaked at subjective noon, and non-photochemical quenching peaked at night. These oscillations were not associated with parallel changes in carbohydrate content or xanthophyll cycle activity. We observed robust oscillations of Chl a/b during constant light in both species, and also under constant darkness in bean, peaking when it would have been night during the entrainment (subjective nights). These oscillations could be attributed to the synthesis and/or degradation of trimeric light-harvesting complex II (reflected by the rhythmic changes in Chl a/b), with the antenna size minimal at night and maximal around subjective noon. Considering together the oscillations of pigments and photochemistry, the observed pattern of changes is counterintuitive if we assume that the plant strategy is to avoid photodamage, but consistent with a strategy where non-stressed plants maximize photosynthesis.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs José Ignacio García-Plazaola , Beatriz Fernández-Marín , Juan Pedro Ferrio , Josu G. Alday , Günter Hoch , Damien Landais , Alexandru Milcu , David T. Tissue , Jordi Voltas , Arthur Gessler , Jacques Roy , Víctor Resco de Dios
Publication : Plant, Cell & Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 40
Issue : 7
Pages : 1153-1162
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron de MontpellierAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs J Roy , C Picon-Cochard , Angela Augusti , Marie-Lise Benot , Lionel Thierry , Olivier Darsonville , Damien Landais , Clément Piel , Marc Defossez , Sebastien Devidal , Escape Christophe , Olivier Ravel , Nathalie Fromin , Florence Volaire , Alexandru Milcu , Michael Bahnh , Jean-François Soussana
Publication : Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA
Date : 2025
Volume : 113
Pages : 6224–6229.