Résumé
The ecosystem services (ES) concept has emerged and spread widely recently, to enhance the importance of preserving ecosystems through global change in order to maintain their benefits for human well-being. Numerous studies consider various dimensions of the interactions between ecosystems and land use via ES, but integrated research addressing the complete feedback loop between biodiversity, ES and land use has remained mostly theoretical. Few studies consider feedbacks from ecosystems to land use systems through ES, exploring how ES are taken into account in land management decisions. To fill this gap, we carried out a role-playing game to explore how ES cognition mediates feedbacks from environmental change on farmers’ behaviors in a mountain grassland system. On a close to real landscape game board, farmers were faced with changes in ES under climatic and socio-economic scenarios and prompted to plan for the future and to take land management decisions as they deemed necessary. The outcomes of role-playing game were complemented with additional agronomic and ecological data from interviews and fieldwork. The effects of changes in ES on decision were mainly direct, i.e. not affecting knowledge and values, when they constituted situations with which farmers were accustomed. For example, a reduction of forage quantity following droughts led farmers to shift from mowing to grazing. Sometimes, ES cognitions were affected by ES changes or by external factors, leading to an indirect feedback. This happened when fertilization was stopped after farmers learned that it was inefficient in a drought context. Farmers’ behaviors did not always reflect their attitudes towards ES because other factors including topographic constraints, social value of farming or farmer individual and household characteristics also influenced land-management decisions. Those results demonstrated the interest to take into account the complete feedback loop between ES and land management decisions to favor more sustainable ES management.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pénélope Lamarque , Patrick Meyfroidt , Baptiste Nettier , Sandra Lavorel , Kurt O. Reinhart
Publication : Plos One
Date : 2014
Volume : 9
Issue : 9
Pages : e107572
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Y Zhao , P Ciais , P Peylin , N Viovy , B Longdoz , J M Bonnefond , S Rambal , K Klumpp , A Olioso , P Cellier , F Maignan , T Eglin , J C Calvet
Publication : Biogeosciences
Date : 2025
Volume : 9
Pages : 2537-2564
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Theix #CNRS #FORET PuechabonRésumé
Background: The tussock grass Festuca paniculata can become strongly dominant in subalpine grasslands after cessation of mowing. The depletion of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) reserves has been suggested as a mechanism by which mowing can contain this species. By affecting plant physiology and especially by favouring WSC accumulation, extreme summer weather (i.e. exceptionally hot and dry) could however counterbalance the effects of mowing on WSC reserves in F. paniculata. The relevance of this hypothesis needs to be tested in the current context of climate and land-use changes. Aims: We investigated (1) the physiological mechanisms that control the growth of F. paniculata, (2) how they are affected by mowing and (3) whether extreme summer heat and drought could influence physiological mechanisms and thereby the ecological response of F. paniculata to mowing.
Methods: In a field experiment we manipulated weather and mowing during two summers. For current summer weather (W0), ambient temperature was unchanged and precipitation was adjusted on the past 30-year average. Extreme summer weather (W+) corresponded to a seasonal change (+1◦C, –80% in precipitation compared to W0) and a three-week heatwave (+4.3◦C) in the first year. In addition, vegetation was either mown at 5 cm in late summer (M) or left unmown (U). Concentrations and absolute contents of WSC contained in tiller bases, leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC), vegetative multiplication, plant growth and leaf senescence were measured from one to four times, depending on the variable considered, throughout the summer of the second year of the experiment.
Results: As compared to the unmown treatment, late-summer mowing decreased tillering, tussock size and LNC, regardless of the summer weather treatment. However, it depleted WSC pools, including fructans, only under current summer weather (W0).
Conclusions: These results suggest that extreme summer heat and drought could alleviate the sensitivity of F. paniculata to mowing. They raise the question of the consequences of recurrent summer extremes for conservation management in subalpine grasslands.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marie-Lise Benot , Patrick Saccone , Rachel Vicente , Emmanuelle Pautrat , Annette Morvan-Bertrand , Marie-Laure Decau , Karl Grigulis , Marie-Pascale Prud'homme , Sandra Lavorel
Publication : Plant Ecology & Diversity
Date : 2025
Volume : 6
Issue : 3-4
Pages : 393-404
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Lisieux F. Fuzessy , Charles H. Janson , Fernando A. O. Silveira
Publication : American Journal of Primatology
Date : 2025
Volume : 79
Issue : 7
Pages : e22659
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Andrius Pašukonis , Matthias-Claudio Loretto , Bibiana Rojas
Publication : Evolutionary ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 33
Issue : 4
Pages : 613-623
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Land use and spatial patterns which reflect social-ecological legacies control ecosystem service (ES) supply. Yet, temporal changes in ES bundles associated with land use change are little studied. We developed original metrics to quantify synchronous historical variations in spatial patterns of land use and ES supply capacity, and demonstrated their use for two mountain grassland landscapes. Consistent with other European mountains, land use dynamics from the nineteenth century until the mid-twentieth century resulted in increased landscape heterogeneity, followed by homogenisation. In the persistently grassy landscape of Lautaret in France, landscape multifunctionality—the provision of multiple ES—coincided with greatest landscape heterogeneity and within-patch diversity in ecosystem services in the 1950–1970s. In the more complex Austrian landscape, where since the nineteenth century intensive production has concentrated in the valley and steep slopes have been abandoned, grassland landscape-level multifunctionality and spatial heterogeneity across grasslands have decreased. Increasing spatial heterogeneity across grasslands until the 1970s was paralleled at both sites by increasing fine-grained spatial variability for individual ES, but subsequent landscape simplification has promoted coarse-grained ES patterns This novel analysis of landscape-scale turnover highlighted how spatial patterns for individual ES scale to multiple grassland ES, depending on the nature of land use spatial variability. Under current socio-economic trends, sustaining or re-establishing fine-grained landscapes is often not feasible, thus future landscape planning and policies might focus on managing landscape and regional-scale multifunctionality. Also, the trends towards decreasing cultural ES and increasing regulating ES suggest a contradiction with current social demand and regional policies.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sandra Lavorel , Karl Grigulis , Georg Leitinger , Marina Kohler , Uta Schirpke , Ulrike Tappeiner
Publication : Regional Environmental Change
Date : 2017
Volume : 17
Issue : 8
Pages : 2251-2264
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Climate change might impact tree fecundity by altering the relative influences of meteorological and physiological drivers, and by modifying resource investment in reproduction. Using a 13-yr monitoring of Quercus ilex reproduction in a rainfall exclusion experiment, we analysed the interactive effects of long-term increased aridity and other environmental drivers on the inter-annual variation of fecundity (male flower biomass, number of initiated and mature fruits). Summer–autumn water stress was the main driver of fruit abortion during fruit growth. Rainfall exclusion treatment strongly reduced the number of initiated and mature fruits, even in masting years, and did not increase fruit tolerance to severe drought. Conversely, the relative contribution of the meteorological and physiological drivers, and the inter-annual variability of fruit production were not modified by rainfall exclusion. Rather than inducing an acclimation of tree fecundity to water limitation, increased aridity impacted it negatively through both lower fruit initiation due to changes in resource allocation, and more severe water and resource limitations during fruit growth. Long-term increased aridity affected tree reproduction beyond what is expected from the current response to inter-annual drought variations, suggesting that natural regeneration of holm oak forest could be jeopardised in the future.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Iris Le Roncé , Jordane Gavinet , Jean-Marc Ourcival , Florent Mouillot , Isabelle Chuine , Jean-Marc Limousin
Publication : New Phytologist
Date : 2025
Volume : 231
Issue : 2
Pages : 631-645
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #FORET PuechabonAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Andrius Pašukonis , Matthias-Claudio Loretto , Lukas Landler , Max Ringler , Walter Hödl
Publication : Frontiers in Zoology
Date : 2025
Volume : 11
Issue : 1
Pages : 29
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Florian Menzel , Bonnie B. Blaimer , Thomas Schmitt
Publication : Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Date : 2017
Volume : 284
Issue : 1850
Pages : 20161727
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The terrestrial carbon and water cycles are intimately linked: the carbon cycle is driven by photosynthesis, while the water balance is dominated by transpiration, and both fluxes are controlled by plant stomatal conductance. The ratio between these fluxes, the plant wateruse efficiency (WUE), is a useful indicator of vegetation function.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Belinda E. Medlyn , Martin G. De Kauwe , Yan-Shih Lin , Jürgen Knauer , Remko A. Duursma , Christopher A. Williams , Almut Arneth , Rob Clement , Peter Isaac , Jean-Marc Limousin , Maj-Lena Linderson , Patrick Meir , Nicolas Martin-StPaul , Lisa Wingate
Publication : New Phytologist
Date : 2025
Volume : 216
Issue : 3
Pages : 758-770