Résumé
Le concept de service écosystémique est utilisé par de nombreuses disciplines scientifiques et commence à être largement utilisé dans le domaine politique et entrepreneurial. Pourtant plusieurs définitions et usages du concept coexistent, ainsi que des termes tels que services écologiques, environnementaux ou du paysage. Nous suggérons que cette variété terminologique traduit des différences de compréhension du concept. Celle-ci peut compliquer son utilisation pour la conservation de la nature et la gestion des ressources naturelles. Une application aux services fournis par des prairies semi-naturelles montre que ces différences peuvent amener à des évaluations très contrastées, que ce soit en termes de qualité, quantité ou localisation des services. Afin d’éviter ces problèmes un compromis doit être trouvé entre une définition élargie et utile pour la communication et les politiques à grande échelle et une définition plus précise et donc plus adaptée aux actions de gestion des écosystèmes et aux exigences d’une comptabilité nationale ou internationale des services.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pénélope Lamarque , Fabien Quétier , Sandra Lavorel
Publication : Comptes Rendus Biologies
Date : 2025
Volume : 334
Issue : 5-6
Pages : 441-449
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs J. C. Clement , T. M. Robson , R. Guillemin , P. Saccone , J. Lochet , S. Aubert , S. Lavorel
Publication : Biogeochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 108
Issue : 1-3
Pages : 297-315
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
DNA metabarcoding refers to the DNA-based identification of multiple species from a single complex and degraded environmental sample. We developed new sampling and extraction protocols suitable for DNA metabarcoding analyses targeting soil extracellular DNA. The proposed sampling protocol has been designed to reduce, as much as possible, the influence of local heterogeneity by processing a large amount of soil resulting from the mixing of many different cores. The DNA extraction is based on the use of saturated phosphate buffer. The sampling and extraction protocols were validated first by analysing plant DNA from a set of 12 plots corresponding to four plant communities in alpine meadows, and, second, by conducting pilot experiments on fungi and earthworms. The results of the validation experiments clearly demonstrated that sound biological information can be retrieved when following these sampling and extraction procedures. Such a protocol can be implemented at any time of the year without any preliminary knowledge of specific types of organisms during the sampling. It offers the opportunity to analyse all groups of organisms using a single sampling ⁄ extraction procedure and opens the possibility to fully standardize biodiversity surveys.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pierre Taberlet , Sophie M. Prud’Homme , Etienne Campione , Julien Roy , Christian Miquel , Wasim Shehzad , Ludovic Gielly , Delphine Rioux , Philippe Choler , Jean-Christophe Clément , Christelle Melodelima , François Pompanon , Eric Coissac
Publication : Molecular Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 21
Issue : 8
Pages : 1816-1820
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Bacteria play a major role in environmental processes. However, the spatial and seasonal variations and environmental impact factors on different bacterial groups have been poorly studied. In the present study, we compared the spatial and seasonal variations of two bacterial groups (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria) from Early Snow Melt and Late Snow Melt locations in Alpine tundra by CE-SSCP method. We examined correlation between the two groups and environmental factors. The results revealed that pH of soil is the
essential factor for structure of two bacterial groups. The SSCP pattern of Acidobacteria is very similar to the overall bacterial communities in our previous study, while both bacterial communities are highly influenced by seasonal variations with an independent pattern
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Bahar Shahnavaz , Roberto A. Geremia
Publication : Journal of Cell and Molecular Research
Date : 2025
Volume : 4
Issue : 1
Pages : 28-33
Catégorie(s)
#⛔ No DOI found #CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Flore Viard-Crétat , Florence Baptist , Hanna Secher-Fromell , Christiane Gallet
Publication : Plant Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 213
Issue : 12
Pages : 1963-1973
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
The congruence of ecosystem services (ESs) and the congruence of ES ‘hotspots’ and ‘hotspots’ of biodiversity are receiving growing interest. The thresholds used in such analyses to assess the ES presence vary widely but their effects have not been questioned. We provide an analysis of the effect of the choice of these thresholds on the overlap among ESs and the distribution of hotspots. Focusing on grasslands from the Central French Alps, we first systematically varied thresholds for three ESs (agronomic, regulation and aesthetic values), then considered triplets of thresholds representing three contrasted stakeholder perspectives on the importance of each of these services. Overlap between ESs depended strongly on thresholds. The extent of ES hotspots and their overlap with biodiversity hotspots varied widely across perspectives. Coldspots never overlapped with areas of interest for biodiversity, whatever be the perspective. Overlap was less informative than the diagnostic test of the capacity of individual ESs to capture each other's distribution. Agronomic value poorly captured other ESs. Biodiversity was well captured by regulation and aesthetic values, but poorly captured by service hotspots. This analysis emphasizes the importance of accounting for varying stakeholders' expectations in ES hotspot assessments.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pierre Gos , Sandra Lavorel
Publication : International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management
Date : 2012
Volume : 8
Issue : 1-2
Pages : 93-106
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Functional variability (FV) of populations can be decomposed into three main features: the individual variability of multiple traits, the strength of correlations between those traits and the main direction of these correlations, the latter two being known as ‘phenotypic integration’. Evolutionary biology has long recognized that FV in natural populations is key to determining potential evolutionary responses, but this topic has been little studied in functional ecology. Here, we focus on the arctico-alpine perennial plant species Polygonum viviparum L.. We used a comprehensive sampling of seven functional traits in 29 wild populations covering the whole environmental niche of the species. The niche of the species was captured by a temperature gradient, which separated alpine stressful habitats from species-rich, competitive subalpine ones. We sought to assess the relative roles of abiotic stress and biotic interactions in shaping different aspects of functional variation within and among populations, that is, the multi-trait variability, the strength of correlations between traits and the main directions of functional trade-offs. Populations with the highest extent of functional variability were found in the warm end of the gradient, whereas populations exhibiting the strongest degree of phenotypic integration were located in sites with intermediate temperatures. This could reveal both the importance of environmental filtering and population demography in structuring FV. Interestingly, we found that the main axes of multivariate functional variation were radically different within and across population. Although the proximate causes of FV structure remain uncertain, our study presents a robust methodology for the quantitative study of functional variability in connection with species' niches. It also opens up new perspectives for the conceptual merging of intraspecific functional patterns with community ecology.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Florian C. Boucher , Wilfried Thuiller , Cindy Arnoldi , Cécile H. Albert , Sébastien Lavergne
Publication : Functional Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 27
Issue : 2
Pages : 382-391
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Species enter and persist in local communities because of their ecological fit to local conditions, and recently, ecologists have moved from measuring diversity as species richness and evenness, to using measures that reflect species ecological differences. There are two principal approaches for quantifying species ecological differences: functional (trait-based) and phylogenetic pairwise distances between species. Both approaches have produced new ecological insights, yet at the same time methodological issues and assumptions limit them. Traits and phylogeny may provide different, and perhaps complementary, information about species' differences. To adequately test assembly hypotheses, a framework integrating the information provided by traits and phylogenies is required. We propose an intuitive measure for combining functional and phylogenetic pairwise distances, which provides a useful way to assess how functional and phylogenetic distances contribute to understanding patterns of community assembly. Here, we show that both traits and phylogeny inform community assembly patterns in alpine plant communities across an elevation gradient, because they represent complementary information. Differences in historical selection pressures have produced variation in the strength of the trait-phylogeny correlation, and as such, integrating traits and phylogeny can enhance the ability to detect assembly patterns across habitats or environmental gradients.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marc Cadotte , Cecile H. Albert , Steve C. Walker
Publication : Ecology Letters
Date : 2025
Volume : 16
Issue : 10
Pages : 1234-1244
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Patrick Saccone , Samuel Morin , Florence Baptist , Jean-Marc Bonneville , Marie-Pascale Colace , Florent Domine , Mathieu Faure , Roberto Geremia , Jonathan Lochet , Franck Poly , Sandra Lavorel , Jean-Christophe Clément
Publication : Plant and Soil
Date : 2025
Volume : 363
Issue : 1-2
Pages : 215-229
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Mountain grassland ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to direct climate impacts and to indirect climate change impacts through farmers’ management adaptation. We modelled expected spatio-temporal trajectories of land management of a mountain grassland landscape in the French Alps under a range of short-term climate and socio-economic scenarios which were constructed using an advanced participatory approach with a variety of stakeholders. First, regional experts from nature conservation and agricultural extension were involved in the co-development of detailed qualitative climate and socioeconomic scenarios, expressed as coherent storylines. Second, to map land management adaptation to these storylines, we used a role playing game whereby farmers were put in an imaginary future situation and asked to make decisions under scenario constraints. For each scenario, game outcomes were used to map future land management at parcels to landscape scales. Main adaptations were conversion from mowing to grazing and increasing manured area, with varying proportions and locations for these two types of changes differing across scenarios, though overall small. These results highlight the limited adaptability of current farmers given a strongly constraining natural and social context. Beyond research outputs, this framework generated interesting outcomes for stakeholders and raised their awareness about the socio-ecological system’s vulnerability to future changes.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pénélope Lamarque , Aloïs Artaux , Cécile Barnaud , Laurent Dobremez , Baptiste Nettier , Sandra Lavorel
Publication : Landscape and Urban Planning
Date : 2025
Volume : 119
Pages : 147-157