Résumé
Global warming is changing plant communities due to the arrival of new species from warmer regions and declining abundance of cold-adapted species. However, experimentally testing predictions about trajectories and rates of community change is challenging because we normally lack an expectation for future community composition, and most warming experiments fail to incorporate colonization by novel species. To address these issues, we analyzed data from 44 whole-community transplant experiments along 22 elevational gradients across the Northern Hemisphere. In these experiments, high-elevation communities were transplanted to lower elevations to simulate warming, while also removing dispersal barriers for lower-elevation species to establish. We quantified the extent and pace at which warmed high-elevation communities shifted towards the taxonomic composition of lower elevation communities. High-elevation plant communities converged towards the composition of low-elevation communities, with higher rates under stronger experimental warming. Strong community shifts occurred in the first year after transplantation then slowed over time, such that communities remained distinct from both origin and destination control by the end of the experimental periods (3-9 years). Changes were driven to a similar extent by both new species colonization and abundance shifts of high-elevation species, but with substantial variation across experiments that could be partly explained by the magnitude and duration of experimental warming, plot size and functional traits. Our macroecological approach reveals that while warmed high-elevation communities increasingly resemble communities at lower elevations today, the slow pace of taxonomic shifts implies considerable colonization and extinction lags, where a novel taxonomic composition of both low- and high-elevation species could coexist for long periods of time. The important contribution of the colonizing species to community change also indicates that once dispersal barriers are overcome, warmed high-elevation communities are vulnerable to encroachment from lower elevation species.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Billur Bektaş , Chelsea Chisholm , Dagmar Egelkraut , Joshua Lynn , Sebastián Block , Thomas Deola , Fanny Dommanget , Brian J. Enquist , Deborah E. Goldberg , Sylvia Haider , Aud H. Halbritter , Yongtao He , Renaud Jaunatre , Anke Jentsch , Kari Klanderud , Paul Kardol , Susanne Lachmuth , Gregory Loucougaray , Tamara Münkemüller , Georg Niedrist
Publication : Ecography
Date : 1970
Volume : n/a
Issue : n/a
Pages : e07378
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sandra Lavorel , Karl Grigulis , Pénélope Lamarque , Marie-Pascale Colace , Denys Garden , Jacky Girel , Gilles Pellet , Rolland Douzet
Publication : Journal of Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 99
Issue : 1
Pages : 135-147
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
The concept of ecosystem services is increasingly being used by scientists and policy makers. However, most studies in this area have focussed on factors that regulate ecosystem functions (i.e. the potential to deliver ecosystem services) or the supply of ecosystem services. In contrast, demand for ecosystem services (i.e. the needs of beneficiaries) or understanding of the concept and the relative ranking of different ecosystem services by beneficiaries has received limited attention. The aim of this study was to identify in three European mountain regions the ecosystem services of grassland that different stakeholders identify (which ecosystem services for whom), the relative rankings of these ecosystem services, and how stakeholders perceive the provision of these ecosystem services to be related to agricultural activities. We found differences: (1) between farmers’ perceptions of ecosystem services across regions and (2) within regions, between knowledge of ecosystem services gained by regional experts through education and farmers’ local field-based knowledge.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pénélope Lamarque , Ulrike Tappeiner , Catherine Turner , Melanie Steinbacher , Richard D. Bardgett , Ute Szukics , Markus Schermer , Sandra Lavorel
Publication : Regional Environmental Change
Date : 2025
Volume : 11
Issue : 4
Pages : 791-804
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Constance Laureau , Richard Bligny , Peter Streb
Publication : Physiologia Plantarum
Date : 2025
Volume : 143
Issue : 3
Pages : 246-260
Catégorie(s)
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Auteurs Guillaume Lentendu , Lucie Zinger , Stéphanie Manel , Eric Coissac , Philippe Choler , Roberto A. Geremia , Christelle Melodelima
Publication : Fungal Diversity
Date : 2025
Volume : 49
Issue : 1
Pages : 113-123
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Le concept de service écosystémique est utilisé par de nombreuses disciplines scientifiques et commence à être largement utilisé dans le domaine politique et entrepreneurial. Pourtant plusieurs définitions et usages du concept coexistent, ainsi que des termes tels que services écologiques, environnementaux ou du paysage. Nous suggérons que cette variété terminologique traduit des différences de compréhension du concept. Celle-ci peut compliquer son utilisation pour la conservation de la nature et la gestion des ressources naturelles. Une application aux services fournis par des prairies semi-naturelles montre que ces différences peuvent amener à des évaluations très contrastées, que ce soit en termes de qualité, quantité ou localisation des services. Afin d’éviter ces problèmes un compromis doit être trouvé entre une définition élargie et utile pour la communication et les politiques à grande échelle et une définition plus précise et donc plus adaptée aux actions de gestion des écosystèmes et aux exigences d’une comptabilité nationale ou internationale des services.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pénélope Lamarque , Fabien Quétier , Sandra Lavorel
Publication : Comptes Rendus Biologies
Date : 2025
Volume : 334
Issue : 5-6
Pages : 441-449
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs J. C. Clement , T. M. Robson , R. Guillemin , P. Saccone , J. Lochet , S. Aubert , S. Lavorel
Publication : Biogeochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 108
Issue : 1-3
Pages : 297-315
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
DNA metabarcoding refers to the DNA-based identification of multiple species from a single complex and degraded environmental sample. We developed new sampling and extraction protocols suitable for DNA metabarcoding analyses targeting soil extracellular DNA. The proposed sampling protocol has been designed to reduce, as much as possible, the influence of local heterogeneity by processing a large amount of soil resulting from the mixing of many different cores. The DNA extraction is based on the use of saturated phosphate buffer. The sampling and extraction protocols were validated first by analysing plant DNA from a set of 12 plots corresponding to four plant communities in alpine meadows, and, second, by conducting pilot experiments on fungi and earthworms. The results of the validation experiments clearly demonstrated that sound biological information can be retrieved when following these sampling and extraction procedures. Such a protocol can be implemented at any time of the year without any preliminary knowledge of specific types of organisms during the sampling. It offers the opportunity to analyse all groups of organisms using a single sampling ⁄ extraction procedure and opens the possibility to fully standardize biodiversity surveys.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pierre Taberlet , Sophie M. Prud’Homme , Etienne Campione , Julien Roy , Christian Miquel , Wasim Shehzad , Ludovic Gielly , Delphine Rioux , Philippe Choler , Jean-Christophe Clément , Christelle Melodelima , François Pompanon , Eric Coissac
Publication : Molecular Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 21
Issue : 8
Pages : 1816-1820
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Bacteria play a major role in environmental processes. However, the spatial and seasonal variations and environmental impact factors on different bacterial groups have been poorly studied. In the present study, we compared the spatial and seasonal variations of two bacterial groups (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria) from Early Snow Melt and Late Snow Melt locations in Alpine tundra by CE-SSCP method. We examined correlation between the two groups and environmental factors. The results revealed that pH of soil is the
essential factor for structure of two bacterial groups. The SSCP pattern of Acidobacteria is very similar to the overall bacterial communities in our previous study, while both bacterial communities are highly influenced by seasonal variations with an independent pattern
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Bahar Shahnavaz , Roberto A. Geremia
Publication : Journal of Cell and Molecular Research
Date : 2025
Volume : 4
Issue : 1
Pages : 28-33
Catégorie(s)
#⛔ No DOI found #CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Flore Viard-Crétat , Florence Baptist , Hanna Secher-Fromell , Christiane Gallet
Publication : Plant Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 213
Issue : 12
Pages : 1963-1973