Résumé
Production of biogas through anaerobic digestion of organic wastes should play an important role in sustainable development of energy supply, and the environmental effects of digestates have to be assessed. We investigated the effect of anaerobic digestion of pig slurry (PS) on the molecular quality of the digestate produced. The consequences of digested (DPS) and undigested PS use as organic soil fertilizer on soil microbial and biochemical properties and C-gas emissions (CO2 and volatile organic compounds) were studied during a two-month incubation. PS and DPS differed in the amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted, in their organic C and lignin contents but not in their active microbial composition. Application of both types of slurry to the soil immediately increased the content of soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) compared to the control soil. The application of DPS induced few changes in the biochemical composition of soil organic matter compared to its raw material (PS) that increased the amount of phenolic compounds. After 60 days, both amended and control soils contained similar amounts of DOC, amended soils presenting a more diverse biochemical composition of their soil organic matter. Application of both slurries to soil triggered a succession of different active microbial communities, which could be attributed to the introduction of new microorganisms and the input of new labile organic carbon. Changes in fungal communities were stronger than those of bacteria and archaea; however, only slight differences were observed between the slurries. Different fluxes and emission dynamics of five VOCs (methanol, acetone, DMS, 2-pentanone and phenol) were observed during the incubation time following application of PS or DPS to soil while no differences in CO2 emissions were observed. The present study calls for long-term field studies with VOC analyses as a promising tool to differentiate organic fertilization practices.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Cécile Monard , Laurent Jeanneau , Jean-Luc Le Garrec , Nathalie Le Bris , Françoise Binet
Publication : Applied Soil Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 147
Pages : 103376
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Fanny Guillet
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs AF Didelot , E Jardé , T Morvan , F Gaillard , M. Liotaud , A Jaffrezic
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs T Morvan , C Fléchard , A M Pourcher , C Ziebal , G Pérès , K Hoeffner , D Cluzeau , Y Bénard , L Carteaux , M Guernion , H Hotte , F Corroler , L Paillat , M Roucaute , F Gaillard , P Germain , B Bourel , F Elsass , V Etievant , S Joimel
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELERésumé
Zwitterionic, cationic, and anionic per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are increasingly reported in terrestrial and aquatic environments, but their inputs to agricultural lands are not fully understood. Here, we characterized PFAS in 47 organic waste products (OWP) applied in agricultural fields of France, including historical and recent materials. Overall, 160 PFAS from 42 classes were detected from target screening and homologue-based nontarget screening. Target PFAS were low in agriculture-derived wastes such as pig slurry, poultry manure, or dairy cattle manure (median ∑46PFAS: 0.66 μg/kg dry matter). Higher PFAS levels were reported in urban and industrial wastes, paper mill sludge, sewage sludge, or residual household waste composts (median ∑46PFAS: 220 μg/kg). Historical municipal biosolids and composts (1976−1998) were dominated by perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamido acetic acid (EtFOSAA), and cationic and zwitterionic electrochemical fluorination precursors to PFOS. Contemporaneous urban OWP (2009−2017) were rather dominated by zwitterionic fluorotelomers, which represented on average 55% of ∑160PFAS (max: 97%). The fluorotelomer sulfonamidopropyl betaines (X:2 FTSA-PrB, median: 110 μg/kg, max: 1300 μg/kg) were the emerging class with the highest occurrence and prevalence in contemporary urban OWP. They were also detected as early as 1985. The study informs for the first time that urban sludges and composts can be a significant repository of zwitterionic and cationic PFAS.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Gabriel Munoz , Aurélia Marcelline Michaud , Min Liu , Sung Vo Duy , Denis Montenach , Camille Resseguier , Françoise Watteau , Valérie Sappin-Didier , Frédéric Feder , Thierry Morvan , Sabine Houot , Mélanie Desrosiers , Jinxia Liu , Sébastien Sauvé
Publication : Environmental Science & Technology
Date : 2022
Volume : 56
Issue : 10
Pages : 6056-6068
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELERésumé
PurposeDigestates from anaerobic digestion are increasingly used in agriculture. There is thus a need for better understanding of digestates’ value as organic soil amendments, and how this varies depending on the process parameters and post-treatments applied.MethodsA range of fifteen digestates (raw, solid, phase separated, and composted digestates), originating from farm and centralised anaerobic digestion sites were characterised. Carbon mineralisation and soil aggregate stability (AS) dynamics following the addition of the digestates to soil were monitored over a 182-day incubation period at 20 °C.ResultsThe mineralisation of carbon varied significantly between digestates, with the lowest percentage of carbon lost at 11.45% for composted digestate, and the highest at 49.27% for a solid batch digestate. Using hierarchical clustering of soil AS analysis at several sample dates, digestates were classified into four groups: those inducing (1) rapid but transient improvement of AS, (2) slower, temporary improvement of AS, (3) immediate improvement followed by a longer-lasting increase in AS, (4) minor or non-significant improvement in AS.Conclusion
Phase separation and composting of digestates were found to have more impact than other process parameters in determining the rate of mineralisation and dynamics in AS.ImpactCharacterising and classifying digestates by their potential impact on soil structure would help to improve decision making for digestate production and sustainable use in agriculture.Graphical Abstract
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Joshua Cooke , Romain Girault , Sylvain Busnot , Thierry Morvan , Safya Menasseri-Aubry
Publication : Waste and Biomass Valorization
Date : 2023
Volume : 14
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Abraham Pappoe , Zuzana Fekiacova-Castanet , Abel Guihou , Àngela D. Bosch‑Serra , Pierre Deschamps , Frédéric Feder , Jakob Magid , Thierry Morvan , Denis Testemale , Emmanuel Doelsch
Publication : Journal of Hazardous Materials
Date : 2025
Volume : 480
Pages : 136039
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELE #PRO ReunionRésumé
Applying organic waste products (OWPs) and sowing cover crops are agronomic practices to improve soil health. OWPs can be used in anaerobic digestion. Because microorganisms consume some of the labile molecules, persistent molecules accumulate in digestate. Few studies have investigated the transfer of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil that received digestate. Previously, effects of digestate application on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were compared to those of the original pig slurry under wheat and a mustard catch crop for nine years at a lysimeter experimental site. DOC concentrations after digestate application were higher in the topsoil every year, due to crop development, but did not differ between treatments in the subsoil. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the observed differences in DOC concentrations caused DOM composition to differ, to identify sources (e.g., digestate, root exudation) that may have contributed to the DOM pool and to assess the DOM composition in the subsoil. The DOM composition of lysimeter samples and water extracts from the OWPs applied were analyzed by thermochemolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, which identified plant- and microbial-derived biomarkers. Under mustard, the DOM pool seemed to contain mainly persistent molecules from digestate that were desorbed due to the increase in pH caused by nitrate uptake. Under wheat, the DOC pool seemed supplied by both digestate and root exudation. After applying digestate, plant-derived molecules decreased, while microbial-derived molecules increased, as depth increased, and molecules may have been sorbed from the topsoil to subsoil.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Anne-Flore Didelot , Anne Jaffrezic , Thierry Morvan , Marine Liotaud , Florian Gaillard , Emilie Jardé
Publication : Organic Geochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 200
Pages : 104923
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELERésumé
The anaerobic digestion industry, which is still developing, generates biogas from organic waste products. A coproduct of this process, digestate, is increasingly produced and can be recycled on agricultural land as an alternative to mineral fertilizers. Biogas digestate is a recent product whose chemical composition differs from that of its source material, and additional data still need to be acquired on its effects on dissolved carbon fluxes. The objectives of this study were to assess (i) the effects of applying biogas digestate on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fluxes with different winter crops, (ii) the dynamics of DOC and DIC concentrations during the drainage season, and (iii) the annual dynamics of DOC and DIC fluxes along the soil profile. The study examined effects of applying biogas digestate, pig slurry, or a mineral fertilizer to winter wheat and two catch crops (mustard and a multispecies crop) on DOC and DIC fluxes in the soil. Lysimeters at 40 cm (topsoil) and 90 cm (subsoil) depths were monitored from 2014 to 2023, from November to March (i.e., 9 winter drainage seasons). During the drainage season, the DOC concentration was highest with digestate, and its timing depended on development of the cover crop: from the beginning of the drainage season for mustard and the multispecies crop and around February for wheat. Applying digestate increased the topsoil DOC fluxes (mean of 35.7 ± 13.7 kg.ha 1 with digestate vs. 21.0 ± 6.7 kg.ha 1 with the other treatments), particularly under mustard. Topsoil DIC fluxes were highest with pig slurry due to higher mineralization than that with digestate (mean of 59.1 ± 22.8 kg.ha 1 with pig slurry vs. 46.2 ± 16.3 kg.ha 1 with the other treatments). In the subsoil, DOC fluxes were low (6.2 ± 4.1 kg.ha 1) and DIC fluxes were high (80.0 ± 45.7 kg.ha 1), with no difference among treatments.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Anne-Flore Didelot , Emilie Jardé , Thierry Morvan , Charlotte Lemoine , Florian Gaillard , Gaëlle Hamelin , Anne Jaffrezic
Publication : Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 378
Pages : 109285
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELERésumé
Agricultural practices are expected to have significant effects on soil physical properties, such as soil structure and soil water retention (SWR) properties are among the relevant properties that can be used to assess these effects. Ex-situ measurements are costly and time-consuming. Visible (vis) and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been widely used as a rapid, cost-effective and nondestructive technique to predict many soil properties, including soil water content (SWC). In this study, we explored the ability of vis-NIR to assess the effects of soil tillage and fertilization on SWR. The study was performed on silty soil samples with 10.4 g kg(-1) of organic carbon content and a pH of 5-6.5. Undisturbed soil blocks were collected from an experimental station located in Brittany, France. In 2012, the field was designed as two separate experiments, each with a different tillage system (conventional tillage (CT) and shallow tillage (ST)). For each experiment, two fertilizer types were considered (mineral and organic). Six undisturbed soil blocks were sampled at each of two depths (0-15 cm and 15-25 cm) and from each agricultural practice. Soil was sampled on two dates: before starting the treatment (2012) and after 5 years of agricultural practices (2017). From each soil block, four aggregates 3-4 cm wide and 5-6 cm long were collected. The whole aggregates were set at a number of matric potentials, from saturation to the permanent wilting point (pF = 4.2). At a given pressure head, soil samples were scanned in triplicate to acquire reflectance spectra from 400 to 2500 rim using a handheld spectrometer (ASD Fieldspeca (R)). We focused on the absorption band near 1920 nm and used a new NIR spectral index based on the band's full width at half maximum, called SWSI. Our results showed a linear relation between SWSI and SWC (R-2 > 0.99). Moreover, the slope and intercept of this linear relation were significantly correlated with water holding capacity (WHC) and soil quality. Using these parameters, we found that SWR and soil physical quality under CT were significantly greater under cattle manure (CTC) than under mineral fertilizer (CTM) or at TO. This significant effect was more pronounced at 15-25 cm. In ST treatments, SWR properties and soil quality were significantly lower than at TO. More importantly, our results show that the slope and intercept of the linear relation offer a way to summarize and assess the effects of agricultural practices on SWR properties and soil structural quality.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs I. Soltani , Y. Fouad , D. Michot , P. Pichelin , C. Cudennec
Publication : SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
Date : 2019
Volume : 194