Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Aurore Andriamalala , Laure Vieublé-Gonod , Valérie Dumeny , Philippe Cambier
Publication : Chemosphere
Date : 2025
Volume : 191
Pages : 607-615
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgroAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs S. Ferhi , M. Bourdat-Deschamps , J. J. Daudin , S. Houot , S. Nélieu
Publication : Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 408
Issue : 22
Pages : 6153-6168
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgroRésumé
Difficulties in accounting for the fine scale nature of ecological processes in large-scale simulations constitute an important issue in ecology. Among existing methods, meta-modelling, that is creating a statistical emulator of a model, has seen very few applications in ecology. Yet, meta-modelling methods are well advanced in the field of engineering. We adapted and applied a meta-modelling approach to a case study typical of the complexity found in ecosystems. It involved a highly detailed, individual-based and spatially explicit biophysical model (noTG). The model was parameterized for a multi-specific, spatially heterogeneous forest. Our goal was to increase its temporal domain of applicability by obtaining a meta-model of its light interception module many times faster. The meta-model was constructed from a series of simulations with noTG, following a latin hypercube design. Several meta-modelling techniques were compared, with neural networks providing the best results. The meta-model accurately reproduced the behaviour of noTG across a range of variables and organization levels. It was also 62 times faster. These result show that meta-modelling can be a practical tool in ecology and represents a highly powerful way to change the scope of a model while still accounting for fine details.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Guillaume Marie , Guillaume Simioni
Publication : Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Date : 2025
Volume : 5
Issue : 9
Pages : 934-943
Catégorie(s)
#FORET FontBlanche #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Stephen J. Holland , Lesley M. Berghuis , Justin J. King , Lakshminarayan M. Iyer , Katarzyna Sikora , Heather Fifield , Sarah Peter , Emma M. Quinlan , Fumiaki Sugahara , Prashant Shingate , Inês Trancoso , Norimasa Iwanami , Elena Temereva , Christine Strohmeier , Shigeru Kuratani , Byrappa Venkatesh , Guillaume Evanno , L. Aravind , Michael Schorpp , Mani Larijani
Publication : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date : 2018
Volume : 115
Issue : 14
Pages : E3211-E3220
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLRésumé
Organochlorine molecules (Cl-org) are surprisingly abundant in soils and frequently exceed chloride (Cl-) levels. Despite the widespread abundance of Cl-org and the common ability of microorganisms to produce Cl-org, we lack fundamental knowledge about how overall chlorine cycling is regulated in forested ecosystems. Here we present data from a long-term reforestation experiment where native forest was cleared and replaced with five different tree species. Our results show that the abundance and residence times of Cl- and Cl-org after 30 years were highly dependent on which tree species were planted on the nearby plots. Average Cl- and Cl-org content in soil humus were higher, at experimental plots with coniferous trees than in those with deciduous trees. Plots with Norway spruce had the highest net accumulation of Cl- and Cl-org over the experiment period, and showed a 10 and 4 times higher Cl- and Cl-org storage (kg ha(-1)) in the biomass, respectively, and 7 and 9 times higher storage of Cl- and Cl-org in the soil humus layer, compared to plots with oak. The results can explain why local soil chlorine levels are frequently independent of atmospheric deposition, and provide opportunities for improved modeling of chlorine distribution and cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Malin Montelius , Yves Thiry , Laura Marang , Jacques Ranger , Jean-Thomas Cornelis , Teresia Svensson , David Bastviken
Publication : Environmental Science & Technology
Date : 2015
Volume : 49
Issue : 8
Pages : 4921-4928
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Breuil #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Yoann Baulaz , Jean-Marcel Dorioz , Véronique Peyrache-Gadeau
Date : 2021
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #OLARésumé
Forest canopy is a complex interface between the atmosphere, the biosphere and the lithosphere, exerting a strong influence on forest durability through element recycling. Leaves are filters of the low atmosphere and can capture dry deposition (DD). Trees have developed strategies, such as resorption (R) during senescence, for nutrient conservation. These strategies seem to depend on the soil type. The chemical composition evolution of leaves is conceptualized as a function of four fluxes: foliar absorption (FA) foliar leaching, (FL), accretion (A), and resorption (R). The objective of this study is to evaluate these five fluxes, i.e., DD, FA, FL, A, and R for different elements (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Si) at the experimental forest site in Montiers which includes three plots with contrasting soils and similar climate and stand characteristics. The percentage of resorption was 63% for N, 37% for S, 35% for K and 23% for P, regardless of the soil type. Resorption represents the most efficient recycling mechanism for ecosystems. Accretion during senescence occurs in two elements that are also found as biominerals in leaves: Ca (13–26 kg.ha−1.y−1) and Si (3–6 kg.ha−1.y−1). The effect of soil is limited to leaf concentrations and exchanges, and only for three elements (Mn, Ca and Si) that are not growth-limiting elements in our study site. This study shows that, except for N, taking into account the exchanges between living foliar tissues and leaching solutions is fundamental to accurately estimate the resorption rate.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marie-Pierre Turpault , Gil Kirchen , Christophe Calvaruso , Paul-Olivier Redon , Marie Dincher
Publication : Biogeochemistry
Date : 2021
Volume : 152
Issue : 1
Pages : 51-71
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Montiers #INRAERésumé
The short-term belowground transfer of nitrogen from nitrogen-fixing trees to companion trees has never been studied in the field. A 15N pulse-labeling study was conducted in a mixed plantation of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus grandis at the peak of leaf area, 26 months after planting. 15N–NO3− was injected into the stem of one big Acacia tree in three plots. 15N was traced over 2 months in the labeled Acacia tree as well as in neighboring Eucalyptus trees. For both species, young leaves were sampled, as well as fine roots and the rhizosphere at a distance of 0.75 m and 2.25 m from the labeled tree. The 15N atom% was also determined in the wood, bark, branches and total foliage of the 3 labeled Acacia trees and 9 Eucalyptus trees, 60 days after labeling. Most of the leaves, fine roots and rhizosphere samples of both species were 15N enriched from 5 days after labeling. The δ15N values were higher at a distance of 0.75 m than at 2.25 m in Acacia roots, but were similar at both distances in Eucalyptus roots and the rhizospheres. The wood and bark of Eucalyptus trees sampled at a distance of 6.2 m from the labeled Acacia trees were 15N enriched. This shows belowground N transfer from Acacia to Eucalyptus trees in the field during the first few days after labeling. This facilitation process may provide a significant amount of the nitrogen requirements of trees close to N-fixing trees in mixed forests.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs R.-R. Paula , J.-P. Bouillet , P.-C. Ocheuze Trivelin , Bernd Zeller , J. Leonardo de Moraes Gonçalves , Y. Nouvellon , J.-M. Bouvet , C. Plassard , J.-P. Laclau
Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 91
Pages : 99-108
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #FORET Itatinga #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Quentin Rougemont
Date : 2015
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLRésumé
The impact of a crude extract of Microcystis aeruginosa (PCC7820) containing 14 microcystin variants was investigated on seeds germination and radicles development of four agricultural plants: two tomato varieties Solanum lycopersicum (MicroTom and Saint-Pierre), the wheat Triticum aestivum and the lettuce Lactuca sativa. In addition, the effect of 14d-exposure to irrigation water containing realistic concentrations of microcystins (0–0.1mgeq. microcystin-LRL−1) on the tomato MicroTom seedling growth was further evaluated on roots and aerial part biomasses. Impacts on soil bacterial parameters, as such extracellular enzymatic activities, nitrification activity and abundances of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms were also investigated. In germination-test, the cyanobacterial extract inhibited only the germination of the wheat seeds, with an EC50 of 11mgeq. microcystin-LRL−1; which is 13 times lower than that of the cadmium chloride (EC50 of 145mgL−1). Moreover, the cyanobacterial extract containing low concentrations of microcystins increased the growth of primary roots; however, high concentrations decreased it for all plants except for the wheat. In the soil–plant approach, only aerial part biomass of the tomato MicroTom was enhanced significantly. In addition, only soil nitrification potential and ammonia-oxidizing bacterial abundances were consistently impacted. A significant positive correlation (r=0.56) was found between the increase of nitrification potential and abundances of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. This work suggested, that exposure to a cyanobacterial extract containing realistic environmental microcystins concentrations could affect seed germination, depending plant species. It was also highlighted, for the first time, disturbances in soil bacteria functioning, evidences on soil nitrification process.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sylvain Corbel , Christian Mougin , Fabrice Martin-Laurent , Olivier Crouzet , David Bru , Sylvie Nélieu , Noureddine Bouaïcha
Publication : Chemosphere
Date : 2015
Volume : 128
Pages : 332-340