Résumé
Faced with the intense and repeated drought episodes expected in the coming decades, the challenge is to adapt forest management to limit the risks of forest deterioration, especially for forest ecosystems most sensitive to drought such as those developed on shallow soil in mesic conditions. In addition, there is a lack of knowledge on nutrient cycles and notably on nutrient deficiencies induced by drought.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs J. Touche , C. Calvaruso , P. De Donato , Mp. Turpault
Publication : Forest Ecology and Management
Date : 2025
Volume : 507
Pages : 119987
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Montiers #INRAERésumé
Methods: We monitored fine-scale spatio-temporal community changes in small plots (i.e. local communities) distributed within six grassland paddocks (i.e. metacommunities) subject to two treatments (mown or grazed). We simultaneously monitored three key environmental variables: light, nitrogen and water, to assess how environmental heterogeneity impacts species compositional changes. We then inferred the metacommunity drivers of these changes in taxonomic and functional composition using a path analysis.
Results: Managed grasslands are dynamic within a year, and spatially heterogeneous within a paddock, with spatial and temporal β diversities totalling more than half of the taxonomic diversity. Mowing events caused sudden decreases of total vegetation cover resulting in taxonomical and functional changes. In grazed paddocks, community changes were mainly spatial due to spatially heterogeneous light-structured filtering conditions. In both treatments, environmental heterogeneity only partially explained community changes that were also greatly impacted by dispersal limitation, but not ecological drift.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the fine-scale analysis of community spatio-temporal changes allows disentangling the relative importance of environmental filtering, dispersal limitation and ecological drift in community dynamics. Applying this approach to communities experiencing other kinds of disturbance regimes may allow gaining a general understanding of plant community assembly processes.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Célia Pouget , Julien Pottier , Franck Jabot , Jodi Price
Publication : Journal of Vegetation Science
Date : 2025
Volume : 32
Issue : 4
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Theix #ANR-Citation #INRAERésumé
Unsustainable agronomic practices and environmental change necessitate a revolution in agricultural production to ensure food security. A new generation of crops that yield more with fewer inputs and are adapted to more variable environments is needed. However, major changes in breeding programmes may be required to achieve this goal. By using the genetic variation in crop yield in specific target environments that vary in soil type, soil management, nutrient inputs and environmental stresses, robust traits suited to specific conditions can be identified. It is here that long-term experimental platforms and field phenotyping have an important role to play. In this review, we will provide information about some of the field-based platforms available and the cutting edge phenotyping systems at our disposal. We will also identify gaps in our field phenotyping resources that should be filled. We will go on to review the challenges in producing crop ideotypes for the dominant management systems for which we need sustainable solutions, and we discuss the potential impact of three-way interactions between genetics, environment and management. Finally, we will discuss the role that modelling can play in allowing us to fast-track some of these processes to allow us to make rapid gains in agricultural sustainability.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Timothy George , Cathy Hawes , Adrian Newton , Blair McKenzie , Paul Hallett , Tracy Valentine , Timothy S. George , Cathy Hawes , Adrian C. Newton , Blair M. McKenzie , Paul D. Hallett , Tracy A. Valentine
Publication : Agronomy
Date : 2014
Volume : 4
Issue : 2
Pages : 242-278
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Mons #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pamela Di Tullo , Florence Pannier , Yves Thiry
Publication : Science of the Total Environment
Date : 2025
Pages : 10
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Montiers #INRAERésumé
In terrestrial ecosystems, plant-available pools of magnesium and calcium are assumed to be stored in the soil as exchangeable cations adsorbed on the surface of mineral and/ or organic particles. The pools of exchangeable magnesium and calcium are measured by ion-exchange soil extractions. These pools are sustained in the long term by the weathering of primary minerals in the soil and atmospheric inputs. This conceptual model is the base of input-output budgets from which soil acidification and the sustainability of soil chemical fertility is inferred. However, this model has been questioned by data from long-term forest ecosystem monitoring sites, particularly for calcium. Quantifying the contribution of atmospheric inputs, ion exchange and weathering of both primary, secondary and non-crystalline phases to tree nutrition in the short term is challenging. In this study, we developed and applied a novel isotopic dilution technique using the stable isotopes of magnesium and calcium to study the contribution of the different soil phases to soil solution chemistry in a very acidic soil. The labile pools of Mg and Ca in the soil (pools in equilibrium with the soil solution) were isotopically labeled by spraying a solution enriched in 26 Mg and 44 Ca on the soil. Labeled soil columns were then percolated with a dilute acid solution during a 3-month period and the isotopic dilution of the tracers was monitored in the leaching solution, in the exchangeable (2 sequential 1 mol L-1 ammonium acetate extractions) and non-crystalline (2 sequential soil digestions: oxalic acid followed by nitric acid) phases. Significant amounts of Mg and Ca isotope tracer were recovered in the non-crystalline soil phases. These phases represented from 5% to 25% and from 24% to 50%, respectively, of the Mg and Ca labile pools during the experiment. Our results show that non-crystalline phases act as both a source and a sink of calcium and magnesium in the soil, and contribute directly to soil solution chemistry on very short-term time scales. These phases are very abundant in acid soils and, in the present study, represent a substantial calcium pool (equivalent in size to the Ca exchangeable pool). The gradual isotopic dilution of Mg and Ca isotope ratios in the leaching solution during the experiment evidenced an input flux of Mg and Ca originating from a pool other than the labile pool. While the Mg input flux originated primarily from the weathering of primary minerals and secondarily from the non-crystalline phases, the Ca input flux originated primarily from the non-crystalline phases. Our results also show that the net calcium release flux from these phases may represent a significant source of calcium in forest ecosystems and actively contribute to compensating the depletion of Ca exchangeable pools in the soil. Non-crystalline phases therefore should be taken into account when computing input-output nutrient budgets and soil acid neutralizing capacity. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Gregory van der Heijden , Arnaud Legout , Louis Mareschal , Jacques Ranger , Etienne Dambrine
Publication : Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta
Date : 2017
Volume : 209
Pages : 135-148
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Breuil #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs M.N. Bravin , A. Versini
Publication : AgroNews - édition Réunion-Mayotte /océan Indien
Date : 2025
Issue : 8
Pages : p. 10
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #INRAE #PRO #PRO ReunionAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sylvie Recous , Abad Chabbi , Francoise Vertes , Pascal Thiebeau , C Chenu
Publication : Fourrages
Date : 2025
Issue : 223
Pages : 189–196
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Lusignan #INRAERésumé
Soil fertility and nitrogen mineralisation: what type of cultivation-related processes and interactions are involved? In this study, soil fertility is defined as the ability of soils to furnish necessary nutrients to plants. It is a consequence of the biological, chemical, and physical properties of soils and their interactions. The nitrogen cycle and its relationship with soil organic matter dynamics play a key role; the nitrogen cycle is linked to the carbon cycle by the activity of soil bacteria. Here, we describe the interactions between various biological, chemical, and physical processes that take place in the soil. It is thus possible to examine the effects of cultivation practices, such as limiting or eliminating ploughing, including temporary pastures in rotations, and destroying temporary pastures as part of the rotation cycle. One can also envision an agricultural approach that promotes the recycling of organic matter and the soil’s biological functions.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs S Recous , A Chabbi , F Vertès , P Thiébeau , C Chenu
Publication : Fourrages
Date : 2025
Volume : 223
Pages : 189-196
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Mons #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Bruno Bordron , Agnès Robin , I. R. Oliveira , Joannès Guillemot , Jean-Paul Laclau , Christophe Jourdan , Yann Nouvellon , C. H. Abreu-Junior , P. C. O. Trivelin , J. L. M. Gonçalves
Publication : Forest Ecology and Management
Date : 2025
Volume : 431
Pages : 6-16
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #FORET Itatinga #INRAERésumé
Recycling organic waste products in agriculture is a potential route for the dispersion of pharmaceutical residues in the environment. In this study, the concentrations of thirteen pharmaceuticals and the personal care product triclosan (PPCPs) were determined in different environmental matrices from long-term experimental fields amended with different organic waste products (OWPs), including sludge, composted sludge with green wastes, livestock effluents and composted urban wastes applied at usual agricultural rates.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marjolaine Bourdat-Deschamps , Sabrina Ferhi , Nathalie Bernet , Fréderic Feder , Olivier Crouzet , Dominique Patureau , Denis Montenach , Géraud D. Moussard , Vincent Mercier , Pierre Benoit , Sabine Houot
Publication : Science of The Total Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 607-608
Pages : 271-280