Résumé
Background Among forest management practices, forest tree species substitution influences biogeochemical cycles and soil interactions rapidly (decades) and significantly. Methods We studied the impact of tree species on forest floor properties in 27-year-old monospecific stands of oak, beech, spruce and Douglas-fir, grown in common garden. Results In spite of similar litterfall C-inputs (1.3-1.8 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1)), C-stocks strongly differed between coniferous (16-21 Mg ha(-1)) and broadleaved (7-9 Mg ha(-1)) forest floors. The large C-mineralization under oak (196 C-mu g C-total-g(-1) d(-1)) relatively to other stands (125-147 C-mu g C-total-g(-1) d(-1)) and the large dissolved organic carbon release under broadleaved forest floors may explain this difference. Spruce forest floor exhibited the lowest net nitrification and the largest contribution of organic anions to the anionic charge of aqueous leachate (62.5 % +/- 1.7). Conversely, Douglas-fir forest floor exhibited the largest relative nitrification and the largest contribution of nitrate to the anionic charge (70.8 % +/- 0.7). Conclusion We conclude that tree species induce a specific signature in term of proton donors at the forest floor level (organic vs nitric acid), which involves potential impacts on pedogenetic processes in the mineral horizon beneath.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Florence Trum , Hugues Titeux , Jacques Ranger , Bruno Delvaux
Publication : Annals of Forest Science
Date : 2011
Volume : 68
Issue : 4
Pages : 837-847
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Breuil #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Quentin Rougemont , Pierre-Alexandre Gagnaire , Charles Perrier , Clémence Genthon , Anne-Laure Besnard , Sophie Launey , Guillaume Evanno
Publication : Molecular Ecology
Date : 2017
Volume : 26
Issue : 1
Pages : 142-162
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Chloé Vagnon , Franck Cattanéo , Jean Guillard , Victor Frossard
Publication : Biological Invasions
Date : 2025
Volume : 24
Issue : 6
Pages : 1661-1676
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #OLAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Gaétan Pottier , Jean-Pierre Destouches
Date : 2018
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLRésumé
Some forest tree species are able to carry out a process known as biological nitrification inhibition, BNI, i.e. they inhibit nitrifiers through the production of specific compounds. We tested the hypothesis that, by restricting N supply to NO2− - and N2O-reducers, BNI would decrease potential N2O production and consumption and in situ N2O emissions. as compared to soils under trees without BNI capacity. Soils were collected from long-term monocultures (>43 ys) of three tree species without BNI capacity (Fagus sylvatica, Pinus nigra and Pseudotsuga menziesii) and two tree species with BNI capacity (Abies nordmanniana and Picea abies). The level of limitation of denitrification by NO3− was high for species with BNI capacity and low for species without BNI capacity, and was correlated with potential nitrification rates and the abundances of genes specifically harboured by ammonia oxidizing archaea and Nitrobacter. However, potential denitrification and actual N2O emissions did not reflect the tree BNI status, and denitrification limitation by soil carbon was higher than limitation by N under three tree species. Structural equation modelling revealed that the ratio between the gene copy abundances of nitritereducers and N2O-reducers was the microbial variable that best explained N2O emissions, along with soil pH and moisture. In addition, the NO3− concentration in the soil solution at 60 cm depth increased with the potential nitrification-to-denitrification ratio, suggesting a higher risk of NO3− leaching under some tree species like Douglas fir.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs A. Florio , M. Marechal , A. Legout , C. Creuse des Chatelliers , J. Gervaix , S. Didier , B. Zeller , X. Le Roux
Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 155
Pages : 108164
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #FORET Breuil #INRAE #M-POETERésumé
Climate Services (CS) provide support to decision makers across socio-economic sectors. In the agricultural sector, one of the most important CS applications is to provide timely and accurate yield forecasts based on climate prediction. In this study, the Pasture Simulation model (PaSim) was used to simulate, for the period 1959–2015, the forage production of a mown grassland system (Laqueuille, Massif Central of France) under different management conditions, with meteorological inputs extracted from the SAFRAN atmospheric database. The aim was to generate purely climate-dependent timeseries of optimal forage production, a variable that was maximized by brighter and warmer weather conditions at the grassland. A long-term increase was observed in simulated forage yield, with the 1995–2015 average being 29% higher than the 1959–1979 average. Such increase seems consistent with observed rising trends in temperature and CO2, and multi-decadal changes in incident solar radiation. At interannual timescales, sea surface temperature anomalies of the Mediterranean (MED), Tropical North Atlantic (TNA), equatorial Pacific (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index were found robustly correlated with annual forage yield values. Relying only on climatic predictors, we developed a stepwise statistical multi-regression model with leave-one-out cross-validation. Under specific management conditions (e.g., three annual cuts) and from one to five months in advance, the generated model successfully provided a p-value<0.01 in correlation (t-test), a root mean square error percentage (%RMSE) of 14.6% and a 71.43% hit rate predicting above/below average years in terms of forage yield collection. This is the first modeling study on the possible role of large-scale oceanic–atmospheric teleconnections in driving forage production in Europe. As such, it provides a useful springboard to implement a grassland seasonal forecasting system in this continent.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Iñigo Gómara , Gianni Bellocchi , Raphaël Martin , Belén Rodríguez-Fonseca , Margarita Ruiz-Ramos
Publication : Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
Date : 2020
Volume : 280
Pages : 107768
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Laqueuille #ANR-Citation #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Anne Mouget , Chloé Goulon , Thomas Axenrot , Helge Balk , Anne Lebourges‐Dhaussy , Malgorzata Godlewska , Jean Guillard , Nathalie Pettorelli , Vincent Lecours
Publication : Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation
Date : 2025
Volume : 5
Issue : 4
Pages : 332-345
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #OLAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Maha Chalhoub , Patricia Garnier , Yves Coquet , Bruno Mary , François Lafolie , Sabine Houot
Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 65
Pages : 144-157
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgroRésumé
Earthworm bioturbation, a biological process that strongly influences soil structure dynamics, is attracting more interest with the development of no-tillage farming. However, while methods for Visual Soil Structure Assessment (VSSA) are of great use to agronomists working to improve crop management and preserve soil structure, few methods have indicators that consider earthworm biostructures. One reason is that VSSA methods were initially created for conventional tillage systems, where tillage and compaction are the main drivers of soil structure over time, while bioturbation is a secondary driver. However, bioturbation is now recognised as an important process for soil functioning under no-tillage and reduced tillage systems. Among biostructures, the presence of burrows is one frequently-used indicator, but casts are rarely studied in the field, except in the “Soil-Structure Patterns” method (SSP), which provides a typology of soil structure that includes earthworm features. However the SSP typology appears complex (11 patterns), and implementing the method is time consuming. To improve VSSA methods, we identified patterns to define new indicators of earthworm bioturbation. We first assessed whether the patterns identified were useful for highlighting the real impact of bioturbation on the distribution of soil structures and the impact of tillage on earthworm activity. We then applied the pattern descriptions to the “profil cultural” method, which provides a detailed assessment of soil structure in the soil profile. This study was performed at two experimental sites in France experiencing different types of soil impacts (i.e. tillage, compaction). Identifying patterns in soil morphological units helped us to define four types of bioturbation: (1) type 0: no visible bioturbation; (2) type 1: presence of burrows; (3) type 2: presence of a few fresh cast aggregates; and (4) type 3: high presence of casts in different welded states. This new typology seemed relevant and complementary to typical indicators. When applied to the “profil cultural” method, these bioturbation indicators can improve the assessment of the soil structure usually provided by VSSA methods and provide more accurate information to agronomists and farmers about soil functioning, including biological activities.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Denis Piron , Hubert Boizard , Djilali Heddadj , Guénola Pérès , Vincent Hallaire , Daniel Cluzeau
Publication : Soil and Tillage Research
Date : 2017
Volume : 173
Pages : 53-63
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Mons #INRAERésumé
Used for several decades and recognized today as a reliable method, fishery acoustics is commonly used in scientific studies and monitoring surveys. In Europe, during the last decades, the most frequently used scientific echo-sounder has been the EK60 from the Simrad company (Simrad Kongsberg Maritime AS, Horten, Norway). A new echo-sounder model, the EK80, has been recently developed, and it is therefore necessary to check whether the results obtained by the two generations of echo-sounder (EK60 and EK80) give the same results. This is of main importance in the context of time series. Recent works have already addressed this comparison, focusing on SA (nautical area backscattering coefficient) but the systems’ reliability to accurately measuring target strength (TS, in dB) has only been tested using calibration spheres. Our work aims to test the hypothesis that, at a given frequency, the TS recorded simultaneously in situ by an EK60 and an EK80, in CW mode, were not statistically different. Data were recorded in two peri-alpine lakes using the two systems sampling sequentially a similar volume. Using statistical tests, acoustics metrics were compared. For TS, statistically significant differences were found between the two generations of echo-sounder. However, these differences were not large enough to affect the fish density used for fishery management or researches on the fish population. The continuity of the time series acquired with the EK60 is ensured when one switches to the EK80 echo-sounder for lake ecosystem research and monitoring.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Clément Rautureau , Chloé Goulon , Jean Guillard
Publication : Fisheries Research
Date : 2025
Volume : 249
Pages : 106237