Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs M. Tella , E. Doelsch , P. Letourmy , S. Chataing , F. Cuoq , M. N. Bravin , H. Saint Macary
Publication : Waste Management
Date : 2025
Volume : 33
Issue : 1
Pages : 184-92
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgroAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs M. Voigtlaender , J. P. Laclau , J. L. M. Gonçalves , M. C. Piccolo , M. Z. Moreira , Y. Nouvellon , J. Ranger , J. P. Bouillet
Publication : Plant and Soil
Date : 2025
Volume : 352
Pages : 99-111
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #FORET Itatinga #INRAERésumé
The aims of this study were to investigate (i) the influence of aging grassland in the recovery of soil state by the comparison of permanent grassland, two restored grasslands, two temporary grasslands, and a continuous crop in the same pedoclimatic conditions, (ii) the extent and the persistence of the potential changes following a grassland/or cropland phase. We hypothesized that the level of microbial communities and enzyme activities could achieve a profile close to that of permanent grassland after the introduction of grassland for a few years in crop rotations. Soil biophysicochemical properties were studied. Our results indicated that the abundance of microbial communities and enzyme activities were positively correlated to soil C and N contents and negatively correlated to soil pH. The changes in microbial abundance level were strongly linked to the changes in functional level when grasslands are introduced into crop rotations. We also showed that a continuous crop regime had a stronger legacy on the soil biota and functions. By contrast, the legacy of a grassland regime changed quickly when the grassland regime is interrupted by recent culture events. A grassland regime enabled the restoration of functions after more than five cumulative years in the grassland regime.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Wassila Riah-Anglet , Elodie Cusset , Rémi Chaussod , Stéven Criquet , Marie-Paule Norini , Nathalie Cheviron , Christian Mougin , Karine Laval , Xavier Latour , Marc Legras , Isabelle Trinsoutrot-Gattin
Publication : Agriculture
Date : 2021
Volume : 11
Issue : 10
Pages : 909
Catégorie(s)
#BiochemEnv #INRAERésumé
Agricultural practices such as crop rotation affect soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Legumes crop effect has been shown to provide several agro-ecological services as a cereal previous crop. The aim of the present field study was to estimate the middle term effects of introducing faba bean in crop rotation on the structure and function of soil microbial communities. Two experimental rotation systems were tested (i) WheatBeet-Faba Bean-Rape-Wheat (Leg+) and (ii) Wheat-Flax-Wheat-Beet-Wheat (Leg−). Soil samples were collected on tilled plots at 0–10 cm depth on July 2013 under wheat. Soil microbial biomass and soil enzymatic activities (β-glucosidase, cellulase, urease and arylamidase activities) were assessed. Soil microbial diversity was evaluated with two complementary approaches: Phospholipid fatty acid profiling (PLFA) and the metabolic capabilities of the microbial community (Biolog Ecoplates). Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were significantly and respectively 1.5 and 1.3 times higher in faba bean's rotation compared to free faba bean rotation. Soil microbial biomass did not differ significantly between the two rotations. In general, Leg+ rotation resulted in the greatest carbon mineralization and β-glucosidase and arylamidase activities. The analysis of Biolog data and PLFA profiling indicated that the rotation including faba bean has modified microbial populations and induced differences in the catabolic capability of soil microbial communities. Our results suggested that changing rotation crop by introducing faba bean two years before wheat modifies the surrounding habitat of microbial communities by providing available carbon and nitrogen as well as suitable soil pH. This new habitat could impact the structure of microbial communities and their functions. Leg + rotation seems to be a suitable practice promoting microbial activities in agricultural plots.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Amira Aschi , Michaël Aubert , Wassila Riah-Anglet , Sylvie Nélieu , Caroline Dubois , Marthe Akpa-Vinceslas , Isabelle Trinsoutrot-Gattin
Publication : Applied Soil Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 120
Pages : 219-228
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #BiochemEnv #INRAERésumé
Biological invasions exert multiple pervasive effects on ecosystems, potentially disrupting species interactions and global ecological processes. Our ability to successfully predict and manage the ecosystem-level impacts of biological invasions is strongly dependent on our capacity to empirically characterize complex biological interactions and their spatiotemporal dynamics. In this chapter, we argue that the comprehensive integration of multiple complementary tools within the explicit context of ecological networks is essential for providing mechanistic insight into invasion processes and their impact across organizational levels. We provide an overview of traditional (stable isotopes, populations genetics) and emerging (metabarcoding, citizen science) techniques and methods, and their practical implementation in the context of biological invasions. We also present several currently available models and machine-learning approaches that could be used for predicting novel or undocumented interactions, thus allowing a more robust and cost-effective forecast of network and ecosystem stability. Finally, we discuss the importance of methodological advancements on the emergence of scientific and societal challenges for investigating local and global species histories with several skill sets.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs S. Kamenova , T.J. Bartley , D.A. Bohan , J.R. Boutain , R.I. Colautti , I. Domaizon , C. Fontaine , A. Lemainque , I. Le Viol , G. Mollot , M.-E. Perga , V. Ravigné , F. Massol
Publication : Advances in Ecological Research
Date : 2025
Volume : 56
Pages : 85-182
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #OLARésumé
La pêche à l’électricité est une méthode classiquement utilisée pour les inventaires de biodiversité des poissons et crustacés dans le cadre de la surveillance réglementaire de l’état écologique des cours d’eau. Elle pose un certain nombre de difficultés en territoires ultramarins tropicaux, de par certaines spécificités physiques (conductivité de l’eau basse à très basse) et écologiques (communautés mixtes de poissons et de crustacés, biodiversité forte à très forte) qui les caractérisent. Issues du partenariat OFB-INRAE, les recherches menées en collaboration avec l’entreprise HYDRECO-Guyane ont permis de définir des conditions spécifiques d’application de la pêche à l’électricité pour les petits cours d’eau (< 6 mètres de large) tropicaux. Grâce à des essais au laboratoire et in situ, en Guyane, aux Antilles et à La Réunion, nous avons identifié les réglages électriques les plus efficaces pour la capture, l’estimation de la richesse spécifique et de l’abondance des espèces et le respect de la santé animale. Ces recherches se placent dans l’objectif plus large d’améliorer la qualité des données bancarisées pour le suivi environnemental des masses d’eau. Elles donnent lieu à des recommandations pour la maitrise d’œuvre et la maitrise d’ouvrage de la pêche à l’électricité en petits cours d’eau tropicaux.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jean-Marc Roussel , Gaétan Pottier , Didier Azam , Régis Vigouroux , Frédéric Marchand , Nicolas Bargier , Marie Nevoux , Julien Raitif , Caroline Penil , Eddy Cosson , Laurent Beaulaton
Publication : Sciences Eaux & Territoires
Date : 2023
Issue : 42
Pages : 55-60
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLRésumé
Understanding how direct and indirect changes in climatic conditions, management, and species composition affect root production and root traits is of prime importance for the delivery of carbon sequestration services of grasslands. This study considers the effects of climatic variability and gradients of herbage utilisation by grazing on root production over the course of two years. The root and leaf traits of the plant communities were determined to detect their capacity to predict above- and below-ground net primary production, ANPP and BNPP, respectively. A long-term field experiment was used to compare the effects of abandonment and low (Ca-) and high (Ca+) grazing intensities (resulting in mean residual plant heights of 15.2 cm and 7.7 cm, respectively) induced by grazing rotations on upland fertile grasslands after 10 years of treatment application. Ingrowth cores and exclusion cages were used to measure, respectively, the root and shoot mass production several times each year and at an annual scale. The root and leaf traits of the communities were measured near the vegetations peak growing season. We observed strong seasonal root production across treatments in both a wet and a dry year, but the response to grazing intensity was hardly observable within growing seasons. In the abandonment treatment, the spring and autumn root growth peaks were delayed by approximately one month compared to the two cattle treatments, possibly due to a late plant canopy green-up induced by lower soil temperatures and an accumulation of litter. The BNPP was slightly lower in the abandonment treatment compared to the cattle treatments only during the dry year, whereas a decline of the ANPP in the abandonment treatment compared to the Ca+ treatment was observed during the wet year. In response to drought, which occurred during the second year, the root-to-shoot biomass ratio was stable in the cattle treatments but declined in the abandonment treatment. The higher allocation to root mass could benefit plant communities under drier conditions. Rotational grazing pressures and climatic condition variabilities had limited effects on root growth seasonality, although drought had stronger effects on the BNPP than on the ANPP. The stability of the root-to-shoot biomass ratio during the dry year evidenced a higher resistance to drought by grazed versus abandoned grassland communities.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Catherine Picon-Cochard , Nathalie Vassal , Raphaël Martin , Damien Herfurth , Priscilla Note , Frédérique Louault
Publication : Peer Community Journal
Date : 2021
Volume : 1
Pages : e43
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Theix #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Pottier G.
Date : 2015
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLRésumé
The evaluation of soil quality requires the use of robust methods to assess biologically based indicators. Among them, enzyme activities are used for several decades, but there is a clear need to update their measurement methods for routine use, in combining feasibility, accuracy, and reliability. To this end, the platform Biochem-Env optimized a miniaturized method to measure enzyme activities in soils using colorimetric substrates in micro-well plates. The standardization of the method was carried out within the framework of ISO/TC 190/SC 4/WG 4 “Soil quality – Biological methods” workgroup, recommending an inter-laboratory evaluation for the publication of a full ISO standard. That evaluation, managed by the platform, was based on the measurement, in six soils of contrasted physicochemical properties, of the ten soil enzyme activities described in the standard. Eight laboratories were involved in the validation study. Only 2.7% of outliers were identified from the analyses of the whole dataset. The repeatability and reproducibility of the method were determined by computing, respectively, the intra-laboratory (CVr,) and inter-laboratory (CVR) coefficients of variation for each soil and enzyme. The mean CVr ranged from 4.5% (unbuffered phosphatase) to 9.9% (α-glucosidase), illustrating a reduced variability of enzyme activities within laboratories. The mean CVR ranged from 13.8% (alkaline phosphatase) to 30.9% (unbuffered phosphatase). Despite this large CVR noticed for unbuffered phosphatase, the method was repeatable, reproducible, and sensitive. It also proved to be applicable for measuring enzyme activities in different types of soils. These results have been found successful by ISO/TC 190/SC4 and resulted in the publication of ISO 20130:2018 standard.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Nathalie Cheviron , Virginie Grondin , Christelle Marrauld , Françoise Poiroux , Isabelle Bertrand , Josiane Abadie , Pascal Pandard , Wassila Riah-Anglet , Caroline Dubois , Stanislav Malý , Catarina R. Marques , Inmaculada Valverde Asenjo , Alejandro Alonso , Domingo Marquina Díaz , Christian Mougin
Publication : Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Date : 2025
Volume : 29
Issue : 20
Pages : 29348-29357
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #BiochemEnv #INRAERésumé
Grassland management has the potential to modify soil carbon (C) mineralization, but the relative importance of combined soil improvers or fertilizers and land use intensity on C mineralization remains unclear. We used laboratory incubations to examine the interactive effects of lime addition, mineral N inputs and grassland management intensity on soil C mineralization potential over 84 days. Monitoring of CO2 production and O2 consumption was coupled with measurements of soil pH and microbial biomass for soils obtained from grasslands with contrasting levels of land management intensity (extensive versus intensive N management) at each of three upland sites. Lime addition increased soil pH, cumulative CO2 production and O2 consumption across all N treatments and soils. These positive effects of liming either partly or fully compensated the observed negative effects of N on CO2 and O2 fluxes. Responses to combined liming and N addition varied depending on management intensity; N addition had no effect on liming response ratios for O2 consumption at intensively-managed sites, but increased the magnitude of positive liming response ratios for O2 consumption at extensively-managed sites. Overall, our results suggest that the magnitude of liming-induced increases in C mineralization is mediated by effects of both past and present N management on the soil microbial community. This highlights the importance of considering agricultural practices when assessing the net contribution of agricultural liming to soil-atmosphere feedbacks on climate change.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Iris Lochon , Pascal Carrère , Sandrine Revaillot , Juliette M. G. Bloor
Publication : Applied Soil Ecology
Date : 2018
Volume : 130
Pages : 143-148