Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs A Crème , Cornelia Rumpel , Xavier Le Roux , A Romian , T Lan , Abad Chabbi
Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 122
Pages : 203–210
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Lusignan #INRAERésumé
The fate of leaf lipids upon early diagenesis was monitored in a two year litterbag experiment in a soil and at the water-sediment interface of an adjacent pond. The biomarker content of degrading leaves exhibited substantial variability among litterbags, even for a given time step within a given environmental condition, likely reflecting natural microenvironmental variability. Due to this variability and the oxic conditions in the pond, no substantial difference between the soil and the pond could be evidenced in the biomarker degradation pattern. An occasional increase in the abundance of several biomarkers (beta-sitosterol, oleanolic acid, C-16 phytyl ester, C-27 n-alkane) was also noted during the experiment, which was attributed to release of bound compounds and/or an external contribution. Nevertheless, absolute quantification showed that the concentration of all lipid constituents was reduced, but they exhibited different decay profiles: (i) rapid extensive degradation (phytyl ester), (ii) exponential-like decrease (fatty lipids) and (iii) variable degradation profile (polycyclic triterpenoids). However, all the main constituents initially present in the senescent leaves were still detected after two years of degradation in both environments. Fatty lipids abundances generally decreased to < 10% of the initial content but the main distribution features (carbon number maximum and predominance) remained unchanged. The results thus tend to validate their use as proxy for source and environment in ancient organic matter. They also suggest that, on a mid-term basis, a plant biomarker signature is not substantially affected by differential degradation in soil and at the water-sediment interface, at least for a qualitative approach. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Thanh Thuy Nguyen Tu , Celine Egasse , Christelle Anquetil , Florent Zanetti , Bernd Zeller , Sylvain Huon , Sylvie Derenne
Publication : Organic Geochemistry
Date : 2017
Volume : 104
Pages : 35-41
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Breuil #INRAERésumé
The introduction of temporary grassland into an annual crop rotation is recognized to improve soil ecosystem services, and resulting legacies can be beneficial for the following crops. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate legacy effects of introducing temporary grassland into an annual crop rotation on five ecosystem services (i) soil structure maintenance (aggregate stability), (ii) water regulation (saturated hydraulic conductivity), (iii) biodiversity conservation (microbial biomass and microbial metabolic activity, as well as microorganism, enchytraeid, springtail and earthworm communities), (iv) pathogen regulation (soil suppressiveness to Verticillium dahliae), and (v) forage production and quality. Three crop rotation schemes, maintained for twelve years, were compared in four random blocks, one being an annual crop rotation without grassland (0%), another with a medium percentage of grassland (50%, corresponding to 3 years of continuous grassland in the crop rotation), and a third one with a high percentage of grassland in the crop rotation (75%, corresponding to 6 years of continuous grassland in the crop rotation). The results showed that the grassland introduction into an annual crop rotation improved, whatever the duration of the grassland, soil structure maintenance and biodiversity conservation, while it decreased pathogen regulation and did not modify water regulation. Comparing the two crop rotations that included grassland, indicated a stronger beneficial grassland legacy effect for the higher proportion of grassland concerning soil structure maintenance and biodiversity conservation. By contrast, water regulation, pathogen regulation and forage production were not affected by the legacy of the 75% grassland during the rotation. Overall, our findings demonstrated the extent to which grassland legacies are affecting the current state of soil properties and possible ecosystem services provided. To improve ecosystem services, soil management should take legacy effects into account and consider longer timeframes to apply beneficial practices.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Kevin Hoeffner , A. Beylich , Abad Chabbi , D. Cluzeau , D. Dascalu , U. Graefe , G. Guzmán , V. Hallaire , J. Hanisch , B.B. Landa , D. Linsler , S. Menasseri , M. Öpik , M. Potthoff , M. Sandor , S. Scheu , R.M. Schmelz , I. Engell , S. Schrader , T. Vahter
Publication : Science of the Total Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 780
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Lusignan #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs G. Le Maire , C. Marsden , W. Verhoef , F. J. Ponzoni , D. Lo Seen , A. Bégué , J. L. Stape , Y. Nouvellon
Publication : Remote Sensing of Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 115
Pages : 586-599
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #FORET Itatinga #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Laura Rudzewicz , Yoann Baulaz , Véronique Peyrache-Gadeau
Publication : Mondes du tourisme
Date : 2020
Issue : 17
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #OLARésumé
La biodiversité du sol représenterait environ un quart des espèces de la planète. Elle est menacée, et bien qu’indispensable aux activités humaines, elle est encore fortement méconnue et peu considérée. Le Réseau de Mesures de la Qualité des Sols (RMQS) joue un rôle notable pour lever ces zones d’ombre, par ses programmes sur les microorganismes du sol, la méso et macrofaune du sol, la flore des prairies, les truffes et plus récemment les activités enzymatiques. Ces programmes de recherche ont permis d’approfondir notre connaissance de la biogéographie des taxons, du lien avec l’usage du sol et les pratiques agricoles et d’identifier des bioindicateurs de la qualité du sol. Les premières cartes de distribution des phyla de bactéries à l’échelle nationale et de la faune du sol à l’échelle régionale (en Bretagne) ont été mises au point. Pour la truffe blanche, trois nouvelles zones de présence ont été identifiées en France. Les habitats des bactéries ont été également décrits pour la première fois. L’effet de l’usage du sol sur la biodiversité du sol a été mis en évidence (notamment sur la présence des phyla, de la biomasse et les réseaux d’interactions bactériens, sur l’abondance en faune du sol) ainsi que celui des pratiques agricoles (la gestion et la fertilisation des parcelles agricoles sur la faune du sol et le pâturage et le fauchage sur la flore prairiale). Un bioindicateur synthétique de l’effet des pratiques agricoles sur la biodiversité a été construit. Malgré ces résultats encourageants, la connaissance de la biodiversité du sol en est encore à ses balbutiements. Si la phase de test du RMQS-Biodiversité se révèle concluante, le RMQS pourrait combler ce manque de connaissances en devenant le support d’une surveillance à long terme de la biodiversité du sol.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Camille Imbert , Lucia Santorufo , Carole Ortega , Claudy Jolivet , Nolwenn Bougon , Nathalie Cheviron , Daniel Cluzeau , Jérôme Cortet , Antoine Lévêque , Christian Mougin , Claude Murat , Guenola Peres , Julien Pottier , Lionel Ranjard , Cécile Villenave , Antonio Bispo
Publication : Etude et Gestion des Sols
Date : 2025
Volume : 28
Issue : 1
Pages : 193
Catégorie(s)
#BiochemEnv #INRAERésumé
In a global context where water will become a scarce resource under temperate latitudes, managing tree plantations with species associations, i.e., forest mixture or agroforestry, could play a major role in optimizing the sustainable use of this resource. Conceptual frameworks in community ecology suggest that, in mixed plantations, environmental resources such as water may be more efficiently used for carbon acquisition and tree growth thanks to niche complementarity among species. To test the hypotheses behind these conceptual frameworks, we estimated water-use efficiency (WUE) for poplar trees grown in a monoculture, in association with alder trees (forest mixture) and in association with clover leys (agroforestry) in an experimental plantation located in northeastern France. Water-use efficiency was estimated (i) at leaf level through gas exchange measurements and analysis of carbon isotope composition, (ii) at wood level through carbon isotope composition and (iii) at tree level with sap flow sensors and growth increment data. We hypothesized that species interactions would increase WUE of poplars in mixtures due to a reduction in competition and/or facilitation effects due to the presence of the N2-fixing species in mixtures. Poplar trees in both mixture types showed higher WUE than those in the monoculture. The differences we found in WUE between the monoculture and the agroforestry treatment were associated to differences in stomatal conductance and light-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate (at the leaf level) and transpiration (at the tree level), while the differences between the monoculture and the forest mixture were more likely due to differences in stomatal conductance at the leaf level and both transpiration and biomass accumulation at the tree level. Moreover, the more WUE was integrated in time (instantaneous gas exchanges < leaf life span < seasonal wood core < whole tree), the more the differences among treatments were marked.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Anaïs Thomas , Nicolas Marron , Damien Bonal , Séverine Piutti , Erwin Dallé , Pierrick Priault , Erich Inselsbacher
Publication : Tree Physiology
Date : 2022
Volume : 42
Issue : 12
Pages : 2432-2445
Catégorie(s)
#FORET AgroTCR #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marc Roucaute , Thierry Caquet , L. Thibaud , S. Chouin , C. Duchet , C. Bertrand , C. Besnard , S. Chantilly , S. Fayolle , R. Foussadier , Evelyne Franquet , Y. Gautier , C. Geret , S. Harnois , C. Lagneau , B. Le Hunsec , M-A Liger , L. Louis-Jean , J. De Maupeou , Ana Roucaute
Date : 2012
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLRésumé
Using organic waste products (OWP) in agriculture makes it possible to increase productivity with less use of mineral fertilizers. However, the lasting effect on soil microbial communities of an OWP application repeated over several years needs further investigation. In the present study, soils were sampled from two long-term field experiments: QualiAgro and Colmar (France), where different types of OWP characterized by more or less stable organic matter had been applied for more than 10 years, and were compared to a control treatment. At QualiAgro, the carbon inputs due to OWP application were greater (∼4 t C ha−1 every two years) than at Colmar (∼1.7 t C ha−1 every two years). On both sites, soil samples were taken more than six months after the last OWP input. At QualiAgro, soil organic carbon, N and P2O5 concentrations, pH, and CEC were increased by repeated OWP inputs, as compared to the control. Soil microbial community parameters were also lastingly affected by OWP application. A 50% increase in microbial biomass was observed with OWP with the most stable organic matter contents. The prokaryotic community structure was influenced: directly by the OWP applied, and indirectly by soil properties changes. Soil pH appeared as a major driver for structure of the soil prokaryotic community. Fungal community structure was only directly influenced by the OWP applied. Contrastingly, at Colmar, OWP application had no impact on soil chemical characteristics or microbial communities’ parameters. This was probably due to the smaller amount of OWP applied than at QualiAgro, and/or a longer delay between the OWP application and soil sampling. Altogether, our results show that, depending on its type, the applied OWP could produce a lasting increase in soil microbial biomass and shape microbial community structure.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs S. Sadet-Bourgeteau , S. Houot , S. Dequiedt , V. Nowak , V. Tardy , S. Terrat , D. Montenach , V. Mercier , B. Karimi , N. Chemidlin Prévost-Bouré , P. A. Maron
Publication : Applied Soil Ecology
Date : 2018
Volume : 125
Pages : 278-287
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #Genosol #INRAE #PROAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs B. Montuelle , J. Guillard , J. M. Dorioz
Date : 2025