Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sébastien Terrat , Richard Christen , Samuel Dequiedt , Mélanie Lelièvre , Virginie Nowak , Tiffanie Regnier , Dipankar Bachar , Pierre Plassart , Patrick Wincker , Claudy Jolivet , Antonio Bispo , Philippe Lemanceau , Pierre-Alain Maron , Christophe Mougel , Lionel Ranjard
Publication : Microbial Biotechnology
Date : 2025
Volume : 5
Issue : 1
Pages : 135-141
Catégorie(s)
#Genosol #INRAERésumé
The European eel Anguilla anguilla is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN. Among many threats, the introduced parasitic nematode Anguillicola crassus is suspected to alter the eels’ swim bladder and jeopardize their reproductive oceanic migration. To date, gaining knowledge about the distribution and prevalence of A. crassus requires individual sacrifice (over 50,000 eels were sacrificed for epidemiology studies since 2010). This paper describes a non-lethal molecular protocol for identifying prevalence of A. crassus in A. anguilla, based on searching for A. crassus DNA in the feces of eels. Tests using three DNA microsatellite markers specific to the nematode showed that molecular detection provided similar results to visual examination of the swim bladder in up to 80% of the cases, and allowed for comparison of prevalence among sites. Easy to implement, this non-lethal protocol for detecting A. crassus could be valuable for management plans of this endangered species.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Thibaut Jousseaume , Jean-Marc Roussel , Laurent Beaulaton , Agnès Bardonnet , Elisabeth Faliex , Elsa Amilhat , Anthony Acou , Eric Feunteun , Sophie Launey
Publication : Parasitology Research
Date : 2021
Volume : 120
Issue : 5
Pages : 1897-1902
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs G. Le Maire , C. Marsden , Y. Nouvellon , C. Grinand , R. Hakamada , J. L. Stape , J. P. Laclau
Publication : Remote Sensing of Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 115
Pages : 2613-2625
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #FORET Itatinga #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Lilian Marchand , Sophie Brunel-Muguet , Isabelle Lamy , Michel Mench , Celine Pelosi
Publication : Ecotoxicology
Date : 2025
Volume : 26
Issue : 10
Pages : 1378-1391
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #BiochemEnv #INRAERésumé
Abstract. Climatic drivers limit several important physiological processes involved in ecosystem carbon dynamics including gross primary productivity (GPP) and carbon allocation in vegetation. Climatic variability limits these two processes differently. We developed an existing mechanistic model to analyse photosynthesis and variability in carbon allocation in two evergreen species at two Mediterranean forests. The model was calibrated using a combination of eddy covariance CO2 flux data, dendrochronological time series of secondary growth and forest inventory data. The model was modified to be climate explicit in the key processes addressing the acclimation of photosynthesis and the pattern of C allocation, particularly to water stress. It succeeded in fitting both the high- and the low-frequency response of stand GPP and carbon allocation to stem growth. This would support its capability to address both C-source and C-sink limitations. Simulations suggest a decrease in mean stomatal conductance in response to a recent enhancement in water stress and an increase in mean annual intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) in both species during the last 50 years. However, this was not translated into a parallel increase in ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE). The interannual variability in WUE closely followed that in iWUE at both sites. Nevertheless, long-term decadal variability in WUE followed the long-term decrease in annual GPP matching the local trend in annual precipitation observed since the late 1970s at one site. In contrast, at the site where long-term precipitation remained stable, GPP and WUE did not show a negative trend and the trees buffered the climatic variability. In our simulations these temporal changes were related to acclimation processes at the canopy level, including modifications in LAI and stomatal conductance, but also partly related to increasing [CO2] because the model includes biochemical equations where photosynthesis is directly linked to [CO2]. Long-term trends in GPP did not match those in growth, in agreement with the C-sink hypothesis. The model has great potential for use with abundant dendrochronological data and analyse forest performance under climate change. This would help to understand how different interfering environmental factors produce instability in the pattern of carbon allocation and, hence, the climatic signal expressed in tree rings.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs G. Gea-Izquierdo , F. Guibal , R. Joffre , J. M. Ourcival , G. Simioni , J. Guiot
Publication : Biogeosciences
Date : 2015
Volume : 12
Issue : 12
Pages : 3695-3712
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET FontBlanche #FORET Puechabon #INRAERésumé
A new model that was able to simulate the behaviours of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during composting and after the addition of the composts to agricultural soil is presented here. This model associates modules that describe the physical, biological and biochemical processes involved in PAH dynamics in soils, along with a module describing the compost degradation resulting in PAH release. The model was calibrated from laboratory incubations using three 14C-PAHs, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene, and three different composts consisting of two mature and one non-mature composts. First, the labelled PAHs were added to the compost over 28 days, and spiked composts were then added to the soil over 55 days. The model calculates the proportion of biogenic and physically bound residues in the non-extractable compartment of PAHs at the end of the compost incubation to feed the initial conditions of the model for soil amended with composts. For most of the treatments, a single parameter set enabled to simulate the observed dynamics of PAHs adequately for all the amended soil treatments using a Bayesian approach. However, for fluoranthene, different parameters that were able to simulate the growth of a specific microbial biomass had to be considered for mature compost. Processes that occurred before the compost application to the soil strongly influenced the fate of PAHs in the soil. Our results showed that the PAH dissipation during compost incubation was higher in mature composts because of the higher specific microbial activity, while the PAH dissipation in amended soil was higher in the non-mature compost because of the higher availability of PAHs and the higher co-metabolic microbial activity.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Khaled Brimo , Stéphanie Ouvrard , Sabine Houot , François Lafolie , Patricia Garnier
Publication : Science of The Total Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 616-617
Pages : 658-668
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgro #VirtualSoilAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs P. E. Noirot-Cosson , E. Vaudour , J. M. Gilliot , B. Gabrielle , S. Houot
Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 94
Pages : 138-153
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgroRésumé
Predicting phytoplankton succession and variability in natural systems remains to be a grand challenge in aquatic ecosystems research. In this study, we identified six major plankton groups in Lake Bourget (France), based on cell size, taxonomic properties, food-web interactions and occurrence patterns: cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens, small and large phytoplankton, mixotrophs, herbivorous and carnivorous zooplankton. We then developed a deterministic dynamic model that describes the dynamics of these groups in terms of carbon and phosphorus fluxes, as well as of particulate organic phosphorus and dissolved inorganic phosphorus. The modular and generic model scheme, implemented as a set of modules under Framework for Aquatic Biogeochemical Models (FABM) enables run-time coupling of the plankton module an arbitrary number of times, each time with a prescribed position across the autotrophy/heterotrophy continuum. Parameters of the plankton groups were mainly determined conjointly by the taxonomic and allometric relationships, based on the species composition and average cellular volume of each group. The biogeochemical model was coupled to the one-dimensional General Ocean Turbulence Model (GOTM) and forced with local meteorological conditions. The coupled model system shows very high skill in predicting the spatiotemporal distributions of water temperature and dissolved inorganic phosphorus for five simulated years within the period 2004 to 2010, and intermediate skill in predicting the plankton succession. We performed a scenario analysis to gain insight into the factors driving the sudden disappearance of P. rubescens in 2010. Our results provide evidence for the hypothesis that the abundance of this species before the onset of stratification is critical for its success later in the growing season, pointing thereby to a priority effect.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Onur Kerimoglu , Stéphan Jacquet , Brigitte Vinçon-Leite , Bruno J. Lemaire , Frédéric Rimet , Frédéric Soulignac , Dominique Trévisan , Orlane Anneville
Publication : Ecological Modelling
Date : 2025
Volume : 359
Pages : 415-433
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #OLARésumé
Large differences in productivity have been observed between neighboring Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil, that cannot be explained by climate and are unlikely to be due solely to altered management practices. Current ecophysiological models used by forestry companies to simulate stand development in large plantation zones rely on empirical site fertility indices (representing water and nutrient availability) to capture this spatial variability in growth rates. We propose a model that requires no empirical assessment of site fertility to simulate stand growth over entire rotations. We applied a modified version of the G'DAY model of carbon, nitrogen and water cycling at a daily time step to short-rotation plantations located in Sao Paulo State, including a simple mechanistic description of the effect of water availability on growth. The progressive and rapid root exploration of deep soil layers was modeled in a simple way, by considering that maximum plant available water increased with mean tree height. The model was parameterized using detailed measurements made over the entire rotation of an experimental stand of Eucalyptus grandis, and was subsequently applied to 16 clonal stands managed in a similar way by one company, but with different planting dates and contrasting productivity levels. Stem biomass simulations, driven by daily weather data (maximum and minimum air temperatures, global radiation and rainfall), were strongly correlated with company inventory estimates of stem biomass carried out at different ages. The temporal variation of leaf area index was also adequately simulated, as was shown by comparison with leaf area index derived from satellite data. The model was able to capture more than 95% of the variability of standing stem biomass and more than 85% of the variability of stem growth measured on these stands, provided spatial differences in soil water holding capacity were taken into account. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs C. Marsden , Y. Nouvellon , J.-P. Laclau , M. Corbeels , R.-E. McMurtrie , J.-L. Stape , D. Epron , G. Le Maire
Publication : Forest Ecology and Management
Date : 2013
Volume : 301
Pages : 112-128
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #FORET Itatinga #INRAERésumé
Two independently developed simulation models – the grassland-specific PaSim and the biome-generic Biome-BGC MuSo (BBGC MuSo) – linking climate, soil, vegetation and management to ecosystem biogeochemical cycles were compared in a simulation of carbon (C) and water fluxes. The results were assessed against eddy-covariance flux data from five observational grassland sites representing a range of conditions in Europe: Grillenburg in Germany, Laqueuille in France with both extensive and intensive management, Monte Bondone in Italy and Oensingen in Switzerland. Model comparison (after calibration) gave substantial agreement, the performances being marginal to acceptable for weekly-aggregated gross primary production and ecosystem respiration (R2∼0.66−0.91), weekly evapotranspiration (R2∼0.78−0.94), soil water content in the topsoil (R2∼0.1−0.7) and soil temperature (R2∼0.88−0.96). The bias was limited to the range −13 to 9gCm−2week−1 for C fluxes (−11 to 8gCm−2week−1 in case of BBGC MuSo, and −13 to 9gCm−2week−1 in case of PaSim) and −4 to 6mmweek−1 for water fluxes (with BBGC MuSo providing somewhat higher estimates than PaSim), but some higher relative root mean square errors indicate low accuracy for prediction, especially for net ecosystem exchange The sensitivity of simulated outputs to changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]), temperature and precipitation indicate, with certain agreement between the two models, that C outcomes are dominated by [CO2] and temperature gradients, and are less due to precipitation. ET rates decrease with increasing [CO2] in PaSim (consistent with experimental knowledge), while lack of appropriate stomatal response could be a limit in BBGC MuSo responsiveness. Results of the study indicate that some of the errors might be related to the improper representation of soil water content and soil temperature. Improvement is needed in the model representations of soil processes (especially soil water balance) that strongly influence the biogeochemical cycles of managed and unmanaged grasslands.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs R. Sándor , Z. Barcza , D. Hidy , E. Lellei-Kovács , S. Ma , G. Bellocchi
Publication : Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Date : 2016
Volume : 215
Pages : 1-19