Résumé
The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) juvenile stage exhibits facultative estuarine migration. The causes of this behavior are yet unknown but it may have an impact on the population’s fate by altering the sex ratio of the population. Recent studies have highlighted potential stress-related issues in glass eels settling in estuaries but studying stress response in small organisms requires sensitive, accurate and precise analytical methods. The aims of the present study are (i) to develop a whole-body Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of several stress hormones in low-body mass fish; (ii) to apply this method to glass eels to study their responses to acute stress (iii) to test the effect of anxiolytics (diazepam) on these responses. Our results showed that enhanced LC-MS/MS analysis reduced detection limits and improved accuracy and precision for the quantification at the individual level. Following an acute stress, cortisol concentration significantly increased in glass eels and a 15 h diazepam exposure significantly reduced cortisol levels highlighting a marked anxiolytic effect on this species.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Stellia Sebihi , Mathilde Monperrus , Pascale Coste , Emmanuel Huchet , Matthieu Lingrand , Stéphane Glise , Colin Bouchard , Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia , Valérie Bolliet
Publication : The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Date : 2026
Volume : 245
Pages : 106627
Catégorie(s)
#ECP #INRAERésumé
The AnaEE (Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems) Research Infrastructure offers experimental facilities for studying ecosystems and biodiversity. A pipeline featuring several applications is developed, based on interoperability of its components and the use of shared semantic artifacts, mainly AnaeeThes thesaurus and OBOE-based AnaeeOnto ontology (to be published). The goal of this pipeline is to generate interoperable datasets and the associated metadata records. The AnaEE semantic workflow consists of 3 steps:
At step 1 the observed /measured variable and the acquisition contexts are modeled as a generic graph based on the ontology.
At step 2 a dedicated pipeline allows the automation of the annotation process and the production of graph-hosted semantized data.
At step 3, a second pipeline is devoted to the exploitation of these semantized data through the generation of standardized metadata records (presently GeoDCAT and ISO) and, data files (presently in NetCDF and csv format) from selected perimeters (acquisition sites, measured variables, experimental factors, years...) (https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03234155).
The semantized data and metadata produced are intended to feed discovery and access portals, data repositories and (Virtual Research Environment) VRE-type platforms.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Christian Pichot , Philippe Clastre , Brett Choquet
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#Ecoinfo #INRAERésumé
Poster de présentation de l'infrastructure nationale AnaEE France pour le département Ecodiv INRAE en 2023
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Laurence Denaix
Date : 2023
Catégorie(s)
#Coordination AnaEE #INRAERésumé
Recycling organic waste (OW) in agriculture can improve soil fertility and substitute chemical fertilizers depending on the OW and their treatment. The effects of OW have often been studied in simplified cropping systems to strengthen the observed effects. The objective of this study was thus to evaluate the long-term effects of different types of OW used at European regulatory rates on C storage, crop yields and N, P, and K dynamics. OW has been applied every 2 years at 170 kg N ha-1 since 2001 in the long-term field experiment PROspective in northeastern France on a silty loam calcosol. The 5 types of OW included urban sewage sludge (SLU), green waste and SLU compost (GWS), municipal biowaste compost (BIO), farmyard manure (FYM), and composted FYM (FYMC). The control treatment (CON) did not receive any OW. All treatments were studied after applying (N + ) or not applying (N-) mineral N fertilization at an annual optimal rate. Biowaste digestate was also applied after 2014 in N- treatments. OW application increased crop yield compared with the unfertilized control. Mineral N fertilizer partially substituted by OW allowed crop yield to be sustained compared with mineral fertilizer only, saving 18–54% mineral N fertilizer, 56–80% mineral P fertilizer and 14–76% mineral K fertilizer. No effects on crop grain N, P and K concentrations were found. The efficiency of OW to maintain SOC, total N, Olsen-P and exchangeable K contents in soils greatly varied with the type of OW. Except for SLU, the SOC stocks significantly increased from + 2.9 to + 7.0 t SOC ha-1 for FYMC_N- and BIO_N-, respectively. SLU and digestate had the greatest N fertilizer replacement value (58% and 69%, respectively). N-leaching risk did not increase with OW application in the long term. For a positive ΔP of 100 kg ha-1, Olsen-P increased by 2 mg P kg-1 in the GWS_Nand SLU_N- treatments, whereas Olsen-P decreased in other treatments. A surplus of + 100 kg ha-1 ΔK raised the exchangeable K stock by 20 and 21 kg K ha-1 in the FYM_N- and FYMC_N- treatments, respectively, whereas exchangeable K decreased in the BIO and GWS treatments. Our results highlight the ability of all tested types of OW to sustain crop yields in the long term when used at EU regulatory rates, while their effects on mineral fertilizer savings, SOC, soil mineral N, Olsen-P, and exchangeable K contents greatly varied according to the considered OW.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Haotian Chen , Florent Levavasseur , Denis Montenach , Marc Lollier , Christian Morel , Sabine Houot
Publication : Soil and Tillage Research
Date : 2025
Volume : 221
Pages : 105415
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO Colmar #PRO QualiAgroAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Yang Liu , Florence Lafouge , Raluca Ciuraru , Raia Massad
Date : 1970
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PT-RMSRésumé
A new version of the Century ecosystem model, modified to better represent chemically and physically recalcitrant organic amendments by allowing the addition of organic waste products (OWP) as a mixture of plant material and surface slow soil organic matter (SOM) controlled by the Indicator of Residual Organic Carbon (IROC), and field observations from a 16-year wheat corn rotation experiment near Paris, France, were used to assess the long-term impacts of applying agricultural and municipal organic waste products (OWP) on soil carbon (C) sequestration, grain C and nutrient content, and soil nutrient status. Sixteen years of observed grain C, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) and soil C and nutrient data were used to calibrate and validate the performance of IROC-Century. A suite of future management scenarios, simulated using this calibrated model, explored multiple frequencies of applications of OWP and fertilizer to evaluate their long-term impacts on grain C and nutrient content, soil C sequestration, and NO3− leaching. The model effectively simulated the impact of biennial additions of four OWP types on soil C, N, P, and K during the 16-year experiment. Measured and simulated OWP +fertilizer resulted in higher soil C (highest for well-decomposed [55%] vs. less-decomposed [37%] OWP) and N content, while total soil accumulation of N, P, and K was determined by the content of the OWP, regardless of IROC, and OWP greatly reduced the need to add chemical fertilizer while increasing crop production and N, P, and K uptake by the crop. Simulation scenarios using IROC-Century for future management suggest that the optimal cropping management system to maintain high corn and wheat production and reduce NO3− leaching is to apply OWP biennially for 12 years along with fertilizer and then reduce OWP to every fourth year while continuing to add fertilizer to the wheat crop only. However, reducing the number of OWP additions in these scenarios did decrease the rate of soil carbon sequestration.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs William J. Parton , Robin H. Kelly , Melannie D. Hartman , Agathe Revallier , Ana Barbara Bisinella de Faria , Gabriela Naves-Maschietto , Marie Orvain , Sabine Houot , Maria Albuquerque , Sebastian Kech
Publication : Soil Science Society of America Journal
Date : 2025
Volume : 87
Issue : 4
Pages : 885-901
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgroAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Eva Haristoy
Date : 1970
Catégorie(s)
#ECP #INRAERésumé
The influence of dry-wet cycles (DWC) on soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition is still debated given the somehow controversial results observed in the literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of DWC on SOC mineralization relative to various moisture controls in 7 treatments from two long-term French field experiments presenting contrasted SOC concentrations. A laboratory incubation was conducted for 97 days to quantify CO2 emissions upon four soil moisture scenarios: continuously wet scenario at pF 1.5 (WET), continuously moderate wet scenario at pF 2.5 (MWET), continuously dry scenario at pF 4.2 (DRY) and dry-wet cycles (DWC) between pF 1.5 and 4.2. Each cycle contained two phases, 10 days of drying phase, followed by 7 days of moist phase after rewetting. The drying phase consisted of adding silica gel to the incubation jars to absorb water in the soil and then gradually drying the soil. We also calculated the SOC mineralization that would correspond to the average water content in DWC (mean_DWC). Our results showed that across all treatments the daily carbon mineralization rate increased with soil moisture (WET > MWET > DRY). In DWC scenario, mineralization rates fluctuated with the changes in soil moisture. As soils dried, daily mineralization rates decreased and the subsequent soil rewetting, to pF 1.5, caused a rapid mineralization flush or “Birch effect”. However, these flushes did not compensate for the low mineralization rates in the drying phase as the cumulative mineralization was not higher in the DWC scenario compared to the mean_DWC which was the scenario with equivalent water content as the DWC. We also observed that not accounting the CO2 emissions in the drying phase, could lead to an overestimation of the effect of DWC. We recommend to measure continuously the soil respiration during dry-wet experiments and to compare the CO2 emitted in DWC with a control that has a water content equivalent to the average water content in DWC. In addition, we questioned the importance of the effect of DWC on overall soil respiration.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Tchodjowiè P. I. Kpemoua , Pierre Barré , Sabine Houot , Claire Chenu
Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Date : 2023
Volume : 180
Pages : 109007
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO QualiAgroRésumé
While mineral weathering (MWe) plays a key role in plant growth promotion and soil fertility, the molecular mechanisms and the genes used by bacteria to weather minerals remain poorly characterized. Acidification-based dissolution is considered the primary mechanism used by bacteria. This mechanism is historically associated with the conversion of glucose to protons and gluconic acid through the action of particu lar glucose dehydrogenases (GDH) dependent on the pyrroquinoline quinone (PQQ) cofactor. Recently, bacteria lacking the GDH-PQQ system have been shown to perform the same enzymatic conversion with a glucose/methanol/choline (GMC) FAD-dependent oxidoreductase. Determining whether this particular enzyme is specific or widespread is especially important in terms of ecology and evolution. Genome analysis of the effective MWe strain Caballeronia mineralivorans PML1(12) revealed the presence of both systems (i.e., GDH-PQQ and several GMC oxidoreductases). The combination of mutagenesis, functional assays, and geochemical analyses demonstrated the key role of one of these GMC oxidoreductases in the mineral weathering ability of strain PML1(12) and the importance of the carbon source metabolized. Mass spectrometry confirmed the conversion of glucose to gluconic acid. Phylogenetic analyses highlighted a good relatedness of this new GMC oxidoreductase with GMC oxidoreductases presenting a GDH activity in Burkholderia cepacia and Collimonas pratensis and conferring its mineral weathering ability to the last one. Together, our analyses expand the number of bacteria capable of weathering minerals using GMC oxidoreductases, showing that such enzymes are not restricted to Collimonas.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Cintia Blanco Nouche , Laura Picard , Carine Cochet , Cedric Paris , Philippe Oger , Marie-Pierre Turpault , Stéphane Uroz , Arpita Bose
Publication : Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Date : 2024
Volume : 90
Issue : 12
Pages : e01221-24
Catégorie(s)
#FORET Breuil #INRAERésumé
Most European forests are used for timber production. Given the limited extent of unmanaged (and especially primary) forests, it is essential to include commercial forests in the conservation of forest biodiversity. In order to develop ecologically sustainable forest management practices, it is important to understand the management impacts on forest-dwelling organisms. Experiments allow testing the effects of alternative management strategies, and monitoring of multiple taxa informs us on the response range across forest-dwelling organisms. To provide a representative picture of the currently available information, metadata on 28 multi-taxa forest management experiments were collected from 14 European countries. We demonstrate the potential of compiling these experiments in a single network to upscale results from the local to continental level and indicate directions for future research. Among the different forest types, temperate deciduous beech and oak-dominated forests are the best represented in the multi-taxa manage ment experiments. Of all the experimental treatments, innovative ways of traditional manage ment techniques (e.g., gap cutting and thinning) and conservation-oriented interventions (e.g., microhabitat enrichment) provide the best opportunity for large-scale analyses. Regarding the organism groups, woody regeneration, herbs, fungi, beetles, bryophytes, birds and lichens offer the largest potential for addressing management–biodiversity relationships at the European level. We identified knowledge gaps regarding boreal, hemiboreal and broadleaved evergreen forests, the treatments of large herbivore exclusion, prescribed burning and forest floor or water ma nipulations, and the monitoring of soil-dwelling organisms and some vertebrate classes, e.g., amphibians, reptiles and mammals. To improve multi-site comparisons, design of future experi ments should be fitted to the set-up of the ongoing projects and standardised biodiversity sam pling is suggested. However, the network described here opens the way to learn lessons on the impact on forest biodiversity of different management techniques at the continental level, and thus, supports biodiversity conservation in managed forests.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Flóra Tinya , Inken Doerfler , Maarten De Groot , Jacob Heilman-Clausen , Bence Kovács , Anders Mårell , Björn Nordén , Réka Aszalós , Claus Bässler , Gediminas Brazaitis , Sabina Burrascano , Jordi Camprodon , Markéta Chudomelová , Lukáš Čížek , Ettore D'Andrea , Martin Gossner , Panu Halme , Radim Hédl , Nathalie Korboulewsky , Jari Kouki
Publication : Global Ecology and Conservation
Date : 2025
Volume : 46
Pages : e02553