Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs J. M. Koene , D. J. Jackson , Y. Nakadera , N. Cerveau , M. -A. Madoui , B. Noel , V. Jamilloux , J. Poulain , K. Labadie , C. Da Silva , A. Davison , Z. -P. Feng , C. M. Adema , C. Klopp , J. M. Aury , P. Wincker , M. -A. Coutellec

Publication : Scientific Reports

Date : 2024

Volume : 14

Issue : 1

Pages : 29213

Catégorie(s)

#INRAE #PEARL

Résumé

Key message The hydraulic properties of compacted and rutted soils were evaluated through in-situ infiltration experiments and predicted based on soil texture class and traffic treatments. A significant decrease in saturated soil water content and soil hydraulic conductivity at saturation was observed. The resulting soil hydraulic parameters, when integrated into a soil water transfer model, effectively simulated water dynamics in these impacted forest soils, providing a crucial first step toward developing decision support tools for real-time trafficability. This approach can assist forest managers in minimizing the extent of soil compaction. Context To overcome trafficability issues of forest soils induced by heavy logging machinery, planning support tools are needed to determine suitable soil moisture conditions for traffic. Aims This study aimed to identify the soil properties that differ significantly between undisturbed and compacted soils and to provide several estimation tools to predict the hydraulic properties of compacted soils beneath the skid trails. Methods Four hundred seventeen water infiltration tests were conducted on 19 forest sites, mostly in North-eastern France, and analysed with the BEST method to estimate the hydraulic properties of the skid trails and undisturbed soils. The hydraulic properties of the skid trails were predicted thanks to linear mixed effect models using a bulk treatment effect, a site effect, or a skid trail degradation score. The predicted hydraulic properties were tested using a water flow model to assess their relevance regarding the prediction of water dynamics in skid trails. Results The compaction effect was only significant for the logarithm of the hydraulic conductivity at saturation (log10(Ksat)) and the soil water content at saturation (θsat). For the skid trails, θsat was reduced by - 0.02 and − 0.11 m3m−3 in the 0 − 10 cm and 15 − 25 cm layers respectively, compared to undisturbed topsoil (0 − 10 cm). log10(Ksat) was reduced by − 0.38 and − 0.85 for skid trails in the 0 − 10 and 15 − 25 cm soil layers respectively, compared to undisturbed topsoil. The use of a pedotransfer function, in replacement of water infiltration tests, and their combination with the same correction coefficients proved to efficiently simulate the difference in water dynamics between skid trails and undisturbed forest soils.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Manon Martin , André Chanzy , Laurent Lassabatere , Arnaud Legout , Noémie Pousse , Stéphane Ruy

Publication : Annals of Forest Science

Date : 2024

Volume : 81

Issue : 1

Pages : 47

Catégorie(s)

#FORET Azerailles-Clermont #INRAE

Résumé

Le cycle de vie des échantillons comprend la collecte, le conditionnement, la conservation, la caractérisation et la distribution aux utilisateurs. Dans ce processus, la bonne réalisation des étapes de collecte, conditionnement, conservation, ainsi que la bonne gestion des données et métadonnées de ces échantillons sont essentielles pour assurer la qualité des analyses. Pour garantir de bons résultats d’analyse, la nature de l’échantillon, ainsi que le type d’analyse doivent être pris en compte dans les différentes étapes du cycle de vie. Le webinaire aura pour objectifs de présenter l’importance de prendre en compte les besoins analytiques dans les différentes étapes du cycle de vie des échantillons. Ce webinaire sera enregistré et rediffusé par RESPIRE et AnaEE France.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Christian Mougin , Stephen Mulero , Cindy Arnoldi , Olivier Ravel , Alyssa Clavreul

Date : 2024

Catégorie(s)

#Coordination AnaEE #INRAE

Résumé

Earthworms are pivotal in shaping soil ecological processes through their bioturbation activity and organic matter consumption. Earthworm species are known to have different impacts on soil structure, but only a small number of species have been studied so far, and few studies have examined how earthworms simultaneously affect soil functions. Here, we measured the impact of different earthworm species on soil structure (bioturbation function), carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics and the microbial community (organic matter transformation function), while exploring the links between these functions, across distinct soil compartments (surface casts, below-ground drilosphere, and bulk soil). Six earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris, Allolobophora chlorotica, Octolasion cyaneum, Octodrilus complanatus, Aporrectodea caliginosa meridionalis and Microscolex dubius) of different ecological categories and functional groups were incubated in soil cores with soil and alfalfa litter for 6 weeks. Our results on the bioturbation function illustrated a great diversity of behaviors and confirmed the relevance of a functional classification based on bioturbation metrics. The main microbial hotspots were surface casts, whose characteristics allowed to distinguish two groups of species. Octod. complanatus, L. terrestris and M. dubius induced high humidity (respectively, +57, +48, +74%), high C (respectively, 19.9, 24.8, 33.2 g kg⁻1 dry soil) and N (respectively, 2, 2.3, 3.2 g kg⁻1 dry soil) content and microbial community selection, promoting C and N mineralization. The three other species had a lower impact. The below-ground drilosphere only showed specific characteristics in the case of L. terrestris. The effects of the studied species on the organic matter transformation function did not align with their bioturbation activities nor with their ecological category. These findings show that the contribution of earthworms to C and N turnover is only partially dependent on their bioturbation effects and suggest the usefulness of developing distinct functional groups based on the specific soil functions under consideration.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Luna Vion-Guibert , Yvan Capowiez , Gonzague Alavoine , Ludovic Besaury , Olivier Delfosse , Mickaël Hedde , Claire Marsden , Gwenaëlle Lashermes

Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry

Date : 2024

Volume : 199

Pages : 109606

Catégorie(s)

#ACBB #ACBB Mons #INRAE

Résumé

Abstract

Despite global evidence of lake deoxygenation, its duration, timing, and impacts over decadal to centennial timescales remain uncertain. This study introduces a novel model approach using 150 yr of limnological and paleolimnological data to evaluate the anthropogenic impacts on deep oxygen in Lake Geneva. Results highlight an increase in oxygen consumption rates due to cultural eutrophication, initially triggering historical hypoxia, subsequently exacerbated by reduced winter mixing induced by climate change. Simulations of pre‐eutrophication conditions and future climate scenarios define safe operating spaces for the lake to thrive without severe hypoxia risk. Complete winter mixing and O
2
recharge once every 3 yr can compensate the oxygen demand in Lake Geneva, even when exceeding 1.5 g O
2
m
−2
d
−1
. However, when complete winter mixing becomes less frequent, even consumption rates similar to those observed before eutrophication can cause persistent hypoxia, posing a significant threat to the survival of hypolimnetic aquatic life.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Laura M. V. Soares , Olivia Desgué‐Itier , Cécilia Barouillet , Céline Casenave , Isabelle Domaizon , Victor Frossard , Nelson G. Hairston , Andrea Lami , Bruno J. Lemaire , Georges‐Marie Saulnier , Frédéric Soulignac , Brigitte Vinçon‐Leite , Jean‐Philippe Jenny

Publication : Limnology and Oceanography Letters

Date : 2026

Volume : 10

Issue : 1

Pages : 113-121

Catégorie(s)

#INRAE #OLA

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Cintia Blanco Nouche , Carine Cochet , Marie-Pierre Turpault , Stéphane Uroz

Publication : npj Materials Degradation

Date : 2024

Volume : 8

Issue : 1

Pages : 129

Catégorie(s)

#FORET Breuil #INRAE

Résumé

Applying organic waste products (OWPs) and sowing cover crops are agronomic practices to improve soil health. OWPs can be used in anaerobic digestion. Because microorganisms consume some of the labile molecules, persistent molecules accumulate in digestate. Few studies have investigated the transfer of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil that received digestate. Previously, effects of digestate application on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were compared to those of the original pig slurry under wheat and a mustard catch crop for nine years at a lysimeter experimental site. DOC concentrations after digestate application were higher in the topsoil every year, due to crop development, but did not differ between treatments in the subsoil. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the observed differences in DOC concentrations caused DOM composition to differ, to identify sources (e.g., digestate, root exudation) that may have contributed to the DOM pool and to assess the DOM composition in the subsoil. The DOM composition of lysimeter samples and water extracts from the OWPs applied were analyzed by thermochemolysis coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, which identified plant- and microbial-derived biomarkers. Under mustard, the DOM pool seemed to contain mainly persistent molecules from digestate that were desorbed due to the increase in pH caused by nitrate uptake. Under wheat, the DOC pool seemed supplied by both digestate and root exudation. After applying digestate, plant-derived molecules decreased, while microbial-derived molecules increased, as depth increased, and molecules may have been sorbed from the topsoil to subsoil.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Anne-Flore Didelot , Anne Jaffrezic , Thierry Morvan , Marine Liotaud , Florian Gaillard , Emilie Jardé

Publication : Organic Geochemistry

Date : 2025

Volume : 200

Pages : 104923

Catégorie(s)

#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELE

Résumé

Projecting and managing the future response of invasive species to global change requires a mechanistic understanding of how climate and ecology jointly drive species demography and range dynamics. Here, we use mark-recapture in replicated outdoor mesocosms to examine how survival and dispersal, two key drivers of demography and range dynamics, respond to climate and ecology in the invasive red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) along an invasion gradient. We show that crayfish survival probability increased with (i) increasing body size at high (but not low) crayfish density and (ii) with warmer temperatures, and decreased (i) with increasing body condition and (ii) under higher crayfish density. Overland dispersal probability by crayfish increased with increasing (i) body-size, (ii) body condition and (iii) temperatures. In contrast, crayfish from range-edge and range-core habitats had similar survival and overland dispersal probabilities, suggesting no evolution of their range-expansion potential along the invasion gradient. Our results highlight that predicting species population dynamics and range shifts in a changing world requires accounting for the joint contributions of climate, body size and ecological interactions. In local P. clarkii populations, global warming will simultaneously promote both a numerical increase and a geographic-range expansion, especially in populations dominated by large-bodied individuals. In already-invaded ecosystems, we suggest that selective harvesting of large-bodied crayfish is a management strategy that could reduce a population’s range-expansion potential over both ecological and evolutionary time scales.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Eric Edeline , Agnès Starck , Yoann Bennevault , Jean-Marc Paillisson , Eric J. Petit

Publication : Biological Invasions

Date : 2025

Volume : 27

Issue : 2

Pages : 65

Catégorie(s)

#INRAE #PEARL

Résumé

Macroinvertebrates play a central role in processes supporting soil fertility. In the framework of the ecological intensification of agriculture, the choice of management practices should be guided by their ability to support these beneficial organisms supplying ecosystem services. This study aims at investigating the specific effect of partial substitution of synthetic fertilizers by locally produced organic fertilizers at a similar level of major nutrient inputs on macroinvertebrate abundance and diversity in sugarcane agroecosystems, on a Nitisol. Invertebrates visible to the naked eye were sampled in 2013, 2016, 2019 and 2023 using the standardized TSBF method on a long-term experimental field trial in R´eunion island. The individuals were identified and soil samples were analyzed for physico-chemical properties. Despite the low response of macroinvertebrates to the fertilizer type, total macroinvertebrate abundance increased over time, especially isopods and earthworms. The input of organic carbon via the return of litter to the soil surface and the root turnover after each harvest enables soil macroinvertebrates to be more abundant even after replanting tillage. Mulching and root turnover are therefore important levers to consider for promoting macroinvertebrates in sugarcane agroecosystems.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Estelle Jacquin , Marie-Liesse Vermeire , Eric Blanchart , Charles Detaille , François-Régis Goebel , Janine Jean , Malalatiana Razafindrakoto , Matthieu N. Bravin

Publication : Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Date : 2026

Volume : 381

Pages : 109431

Catégorie(s)

#INRAE #PRO #PRO Reunion

Résumé

The anaerobic digestion industry, which is still developing, generates biogas from organic waste products. A coproduct of this process, digestate, is increasingly produced and can be recycled on agricultural land as an alternative to mineral fertilizers. Biogas digestate is a recent product whose chemical composition differs from that of its source material, and additional data still need to be acquired on its effects on dissolved carbon fluxes. The objectives of this study were to assess (i) the effects of applying biogas digestate on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fluxes with different winter crops, (ii) the dynamics of DOC and DIC concentrations during the drainage season, and (iii) the annual dynamics of DOC and DIC fluxes along the soil profile. The study examined effects of applying biogas digestate, pig slurry, or a mineral fertilizer to winter wheat and two catch crops (mustard and a multispecies crop) on DOC and DIC fluxes in the soil. Lysimeters at 40 cm (topsoil) and 90 cm (subsoil) depths were monitored from 2014 to 2023, from November to March (i.e., 9 winter drainage seasons). During the drainage season, the DOC concentration was highest with digestate, and its timing depended on development of the cover crop: from the beginning of the drainage season for mustard and the multispecies crop and around February for wheat. Applying digestate increased the topsoil DOC fluxes (mean of 35.7 ± 13.7 kg.ha 1 with digestate vs. 21.0 ± 6.7 kg.ha 1 with the other treatments), particularly under mustard. Topsoil DIC fluxes were highest with pig slurry due to higher mineralization than that with digestate (mean of 59.1 ± 22.8 kg.ha 1 with pig slurry vs. 46.2 ± 16.3 kg.ha 1 with the other treatments). In the subsoil, DOC fluxes were low (6.2 ± 4.1 kg.ha 1) and DIC fluxes were high (80.0 ± 45.7 kg.ha 1), with no difference among treatments.

Auteurs, date et publication :

Auteurs Anne-Flore Didelot , Emilie Jardé , Thierry Morvan , Charlotte Lemoine , Florian Gaillard , Gaëlle Hamelin , Anne Jaffrezic

Publication : Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Date : 2026

Volume : 378

Pages : 109285

Catégorie(s)

#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELE