Résumé
Abstract
Editors note: For easy download the posted pdf of the State of the Climate in 2022 is a low-resolution file. A high-resolution copy of the report is available by clicking
here
. Please be patient as it may take a few minutes for the high-resolution file to download.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs J. Blunden , T. Boyer , E. Bartow-Gillies
Publication : Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Date : 2025
Volume : 104
Issue : 9
Pages : S1-S516
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #OLAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs F Ferchaud , P Belleville , F Bornet , J Duval , F Keuper , G Vitte , J Léonard
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Mons #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs P Belleville , F Ferchaud , F Bornet , B Dumont , J Duval , E Gréhan , B Heinesch , F Keuper , B Mary , G Vitte , J Léonard
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Mons #INRAERésumé
In rural areas, nitrate concentrations in surface waters most often originate from the leaching of excess N fer tilizer in agricultural lands, whereas forested catchments often have good water quality. However, Douglas-fir plantations may induce nitrogen cycle unbalances which may lead to an excess of nitrate production in the soil. We hypothesize that the excess of production of nitrate in the soil and nitrate leaching to streamwater is greater in catchments planted with Douglas fir. We used paired catchments in both France and Luxembourg with different land covers (Douglas-fir, Spruce, Deciduous, Grassland and clearcut) which were monitored over a 3–5 year period in order to assess the effect of Douglas-fir plantations on the chemical composition of surface water. Nitrate concentration in the soil and groundwater were also monitored. The results show that nitrate concen trations in streams draining Douglas-fir catchments were two to ten times higher than in streams draining other land covers, but were similar to the clearcut catchment. Nitrate concentrations under Douglas-fir in groundwater (up to 50 mg L− 1) and in the soil were also higher than under all other land covers. Soil nitrate concentration was related to stream nitrate concentration. This suggests that soil processes, through excessive nitrate production under Douglas-fir, are driving the nitrate concentration in the stream water and our hypothesis of a transfer of a fairly large proportion of this excessive production from the soil to the stream is supported. This study also shows that nitrate concentrations in surface and ground waters in rural areas could also originate from Douglas fir forested catchments. The impact of Douglas-fir is nevertheless reduced downstream through a dilution effect: mixing tree species at the catchment scale could thus be a solution to mitigate the effect of Douglas-fir on nitrate concentration in surface waters.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Alexia Paul , Christophe Hissler , Alessandro Florio , Serge Didier , Benoit Pollier , Gregory Van Der Heijden , Etienne Dambrine , Jacques Ranger , Bernd Zeller , Arnaud Legout
Publication : Environmental Pollution
Date : 2025
Volume : 336
Pages : 122477
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #FORET Breuil #INRAE #M-POETEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Christian Pichot , Anas Azdad , Brett Choquet , Philippe Clastre , Damien Maurice , Ghislaine Monet , Antoine Schellenberger , Rachid Yahiaoui
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#Ecoinfo #INRAERésumé
Forest stand and environmental factors influence soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, but little is known about their relative impacts in different soil layers. Moreover, how environmental factors modulate the impact of stand factors, particularly species mixing, on SOC storage, is largely unexplored. In this study, conducted in 21 forest triplets (two monocultures of different species and their mixture on the same site) distributed in Europe, we tested the hypothesis that stand factors (functional identity and diversity) have stronger effects on topsoil (FF + 0–10 cm) C storage than environmental factors (climatic water availability, clay + silt content, oxalate-extractable Al–Alox) but that the opposite occurs in the subsoil (10–40 cm). We also tested the hypothesis that functional diversity improves SOC storage under high climatic water availability, clay + silt contents, and A lox. We characterized functional identity as the basal area proportion of broadleaved species (beech and/or oak), and functional diversity as the product of broadleaved and conifer (pine) proportions. The results show that functional identity was the main driver of topsoil C storage, while climatic water availability had the largest control on subsoil C storage. Functional diversity decreased topsoil C storage under increasing climatic water availability, but the opposite was observed in the subsoil. Functional diversity effects on topsoil C increased with increasing clay + silt content, while its effects on subsoil C were negative at increasing Alox content. This suggests that functional diversity effect on SOC storage changes along gradients in environmental factors and the direction of effects depends on soil depth.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Richard Osei , Hugues Titeux , Miren Del Río , Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado , Kamil Bielak , Felipe Bravo , Catherine Collet , Corentin Cools , Jean-Thomas Cornelis , Lars Drössler , Michael Heym , Nathalie Korboulewsky , Magnus Löf , Bart Muys , Yasmina Najib , Arne Nothdurft , Maciej Pach , Hans Pretzsch , Quentin Ponette
Publication : European Journal of Forest Research
Date : 2025
Volume : 142
Issue : 5
Pages : 1099-1111
Catégorie(s)
#FORET OPTMix #INRAERésumé
PurposeDigestates from anaerobic digestion are increasingly used in agriculture. There is thus a need for better understanding of digestates’ value as organic soil amendments, and how this varies depending on the process parameters and post-treatments applied.MethodsA range of fifteen digestates (raw, solid, phase separated, and composted digestates), originating from farm and centralised anaerobic digestion sites were characterised. Carbon mineralisation and soil aggregate stability (AS) dynamics following the addition of the digestates to soil were monitored over a 182-day incubation period at 20 °C.ResultsThe mineralisation of carbon varied significantly between digestates, with the lowest percentage of carbon lost at 11.45% for composted digestate, and the highest at 49.27% for a solid batch digestate. Using hierarchical clustering of soil AS analysis at several sample dates, digestates were classified into four groups: those inducing (1) rapid but transient improvement of AS, (2) slower, temporary improvement of AS, (3) immediate improvement followed by a longer-lasting increase in AS, (4) minor or non-significant improvement in AS.Conclusion
Phase separation and composting of digestates were found to have more impact than other process parameters in determining the rate of mineralisation and dynamics in AS.ImpactCharacterising and classifying digestates by their potential impact on soil structure would help to improve decision making for digestate production and sustainable use in agriculture.Graphical Abstract
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Joshua Cooke , Romain Girault , Sylvain Busnot , Thierry Morvan , Safya Menasseri-Aubry
Publication : Waste and Biomass Valorization
Date : 2023
Volume : 14
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PRO #PRO EFELEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Margot Wagner‐Deyriès , Léa Varignier , Marion Revel , Thomas Delhaye , David Rondeau , Marie‐Agnès Coutellec , R.J. Scott McCairns
Publication : Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Date : 2023
Pages : etc.5564
Catégorie(s)
#INRAE #PEARLRésumé
Guide méthodologique construit dans le cadre d’une réflexion collective sur les services AnaEE France n’engageant pas les organismes tutelles de l’infrastructure. Ce document propose une méthodologie et des principes de tarification pour les services de l'infrastructure nationale AnaEE-France. Nous rappelons que ces services couvrent l’accès aux plateformes expérimentales, la production d’analyses pour caractériser les écosystèmes, la mise à disposition d’instruments et d’échantillons, et l’accès aux plateformes de modélisation.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marion Bousquet , Alyssa Clavreul , Jean-Gabriel Valay
Date : 2023
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Coordination AnaEE #INRAERésumé
The hidden world of the soil biota has been increasingly investigated in the last decades revealing the importance of soil organisms’ networks for soil functioning. Here, we use a modeling approach to investigate how changes in cropping practices influence the structure of soil food web over time and how such dynamic relates to that of soil functioning. In an experimental trial, we tested for change in topsoil food webs after shift from conventional to alternative practices (changes in tillage intensity, amount of residues returned and N fertilization rate). Samplings were made in 16 plots of a randomized complete block design during spring of year 0, 2 and 4 after the onset of the trial. Microorganisms, microfauna, mesofauna and macrofauna were sampled, identified and grouped into trophic groups. We built a general soil food web describing plausible carbon flows between these trophic groups. We modeled the food web in each sampling plot and computed several network indices. At the same dates, soil functions linked to C and N dynamics were measured from soil samples. We used a COSTATIS analysis to investigate relationships between temporal sequences of soil functions and soil food web indices. This study shows that soil food web structure and soil processes related to N and C cycling co-vary following changes in agricultural management practices. Management practices related to tillage exerted stronger effects on soil food web functioning than those related to the export of crop residues or reduction in mineral N fertiliser. Our results provide new insights on soil food webs temporal dynamics, within a restricted panel of agricultural practices.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Mickaël Hedde , Valérie Coudrain , Pierre-Alain Maron , Matthieu Chauvat , Nathalie Cheviron , Flemming Ekelund , Christian Mougin , Bruno Mary , Sylvie Recous , Cécile Villenave , Elisa Thébault
Date : 2023