Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Bertrand Guenet , Michael Danger , Loïc Harrault , Béatrice Allard , Marta Jauset-Alcala , Gérard Bardoux , Danielle Benest , Luc Abbadie , Gérard Lacroix
Publication : Hydrobiologia
Date : 2025
Volume : 721
Issue : 1
Pages : 35-44
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marcus Schiedung , Severin-Luca Bellè , Samuel Abiven
Date : 2022
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSRésumé
Ecological models predict that the effects of mammalian herbivore exclusion on plant diversity depend on resource availability and plant exposure to ungulate grazing over evolutionary time. Using an experiment replicated in 57 grasslands on six continents, with contrasting evolutionary history of grazing, we tested how resources (mean annual precipitation and soil nutrients) determine herbivore exclusion effects on plant diversity, richness and evenness. Here we show that at sites with a long history of ungulate grazing, herbivore exclusion reduced plant diversity by reducing both richness and evenness and the responses of richness and diversity to herbivore exclusion decreased with mean annual precipitation. At sites with a short history of grazing, the effects of herbivore exclusion were not related to precipitation but differed for native and exotic plant richness. Thus, plant species’ evolutionary history of grazing continues to shape the response of the world’s grasslands to changing mammalian herbivory.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jodi N. Price , Judith Sitters , Timothy Ohlert , Pedro M. Tognetti , Cynthia S. Brown , Eric W. Seabloom , Elizabeth T. Borer , Suzanne M. Prober , Elisabeth S. Bakker , Andrew S. MacDougall , Laura Yahdjian , Daniel S. Gruner , Harry Olde Venterink , Isabel C. Barrio , Pamela Graff , Sumanta Bagchi , Carlos Alberto Arnillas , Jonathan D. Bakker , Dana M. Blumenthal , Elizabeth H. Boughton
Publication : Nature Ecology & Evolution
Date : 2022
Volume : 6
Issue : 9
Pages : 1290-1298
Catégorie(s)
#CEREEP #CNRS #ENSRésumé
BEMEVO : Bio-indication et Effet Mémoire d'une Exposition des Végétaux cultivés à l'Ozone
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jean-Jacques Bessoule , Simon Chollet , Amandine Hansart , Marina Le Guedard , Luis Leitao , Juliette Leymarie , Ruben Puga Freitas , Anne Repellin
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Lydie Blottière , Mourad Jaffar-Bandjee , Stéphan Jacquet , Alexis Millot , Florence D. Hulot
Publication : Freshwater Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 62
Issue : 1
Pages : 161-177
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #INRAE #OLAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Michael Danger , Béatrice Allard , Mohamad B. Arnous , Jean-François Carrias , Jacques Mériguet , Loïc Ten-Hage , Gérard Lacroix
Publication : Hydrobiologia
Date : 2025
Volume : 679
Issue : 1
Pages : 251-266
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUARésumé
Plants play an important role in carbon and nitrogen fluxes in the
environment. Plants remove carbon from the atmosphere through
photosynthesis and deposit a fraction of this carbon into the soil as a
result of root exudation and senescence, contributing to soil formation.
Additionally, plants can facilitate sequestration of CO2 from the
atmosphere in inorganic form during the process of mineral weathering.
With increasing temperatures and levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, it is
unknown what effect these changes will have on plant growth and
weathering of silicate rocks, and by extension on carbon accumulation in
the soils. To identify climate change effects on C and N fluxes, a
controlled study was conducted at Ecotron Ile-de-France utilizing
mesocosms maintained at elevated and ambient CO2 concentration and
temperature with four different vegetation treatments: control, alfalfa,
velvet mesquite, and green sprangletop. Each experiment lasted for 4
months with monthly rainfall events using deionized water. After each
rain, soil solution and drainage were collected and analyzed for major
and trace elements, as well as anions, nitrogen, and organic and
inorganic carbon. CO2 concentrations in the soil air were monitored as
well. At the end of this study, soil samples were collected from each
mesocosm at four different depths and then analyzed for organic carbon,
inorganic carbon, and total nitrogen. Accumulation of organic and
inorganic carbon and nitrogen with clear differences with depth was
observed in all mesocosms. Elevated CO2 in the atmosphere influenced C
accumulation in the soils, while the type of vegetation significantly
affected concentrations of nitrogen and organic carbon in soil and
solution. This indicates that climate change would affect carbon and
nitrogen fluxes in the soils causing feedbacks to the atmospheric CO2.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs R. Hingley , S. Juarez , K. Dontsova , E. Hunt , J. F. Le Galliard , S. Chollet , A. Cros , M. Llavata , F. Massol , P. Barré , A. Gelabert , D. Daval , P. A. A. Troch , G. Barron-Gafford , J. L. M. Van Haren , R. Ferrière
Date : 2016
Volume : 53
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSRésumé
Abstract. Intraspecific trait variation has large effects on the ecosystem and is greatly affected by human activities. To date, most studies focused on single
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Beatriz Diaz Pauli , Eric Edeline , Charlotte Evangelista
Publication : Conservation Physiology
Date : 2020
Volume : 8
Issue : 1
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSRésumé
Ecosystems integrity and services are threatened by anthropogenic global changes. Mitigating and adapting to these changes requires knowledge of ecosystem functioning in the expected novel environments, informed in large part through experimentation and modelling. This paper describes 13 advanced controlled environment facilities for experimental ecosystem studies, herein termed ecotrons, open to the international community. Ecotrons enable simulation of a wide range of natural environmental conditions in replicated and independent experimental units whilst simultaneously measuring various ecosystem processes. This capacity to realistically control ecosystem environments is used to emulate a variety of climatic scenarios and soil conditions, in natural sunlight or through broad spectrum lighting. The use of large ecosystem samples, intact or reconstructed, minimises border effects and increases biological and physical complexity. Measurements of concentrations of greenhouse trace gases as well as their net exchange between the ecosystem and the atmosphere are performed in most ecotrons, often quasi continuously. The flow of matter is often tracked with the use of stable isotope tracers of carbon and other elements. Equipment is available for measurements of soil water status as well as root and canopy growth. The experiments run so far emphasize the diversity of the hosted research. Half of them concern global changes, often with a manipulation of more than one driver. About a quarter deal with the impact of biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning and one quarter with ecosystem or plant physiology. We discuss how the methodology for environmental simulation and process measurements, especially in soil, can be improved and stress the need to establish stronger links with modelling in future projects. These developments will enable further improvements in mechanistic understanding and predictive capacity of ecotron research which will play, in complementarity with field experimentation and monitoring, a crucial role in exploring the ecosystem consequences of environmental changes.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jacques Roy , François Rineau , Hans J. De Boeck , Ivan Nijs , Thomas Pütz , Samuel Abiven , John A. Arnone , Craig V. M. Barton , Natalie Beenaerts , Nicolas Brüggemann , Matteo Dainese , Timo Domisch , Nico Eisenhauer , Sarah Garré , Alban Gebler , Andrea Ghirardo , Richard L. Jasoni , George Kowalchuk , Damien Landais , Stuart H. Larsen
Publication : Global Change Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 27
Issue : 7
Pages : 1387-1407
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Eric Edeline , Gérard Lacroix , Christine Delire , Nicolas Poulet , Stéphane Legendre
Publication : Global Change Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 19
Issue : 10
Pages : 3062-3068