Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Benoît Sotton , Alain Paris , Séverine Le Manach , Alain Blond , Gérard Lacroix , Alexis Millot , Charlotte Duval , Qin Qiao , Arnaud Catherine , Benjamin Marie
Publication : Science of The Total Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 590-591
Pages : 333-342
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Alexandru Milcu , Ruben Puga-Freitas , Aaron M. Ellison , Manuel Blouin , Stefan Scheu , Grégoire T. Freschet , Laura Rose , Sebastien Barot , Simone Cesarz , Nico Eisenhauer , Thomas Girin , Davide Assandri , Michael Bonkowski , Nina Buchmann , Olaf Butenschoen , Sebastien Devidal , Gerd Gleixner , Arthur Gessler , Agnès Gigon , Anna Greiner
Publication : Nature Ecology & Evolution
Date : 2025
Volume : 2
Issue : 2
Pages : 279-287
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marta Gallardo Ruiz , Jean-François Le Galliard , Thomas Tully
Publication : Pedobiologia
Date : 2025
Volume : 61
Pages : 33-41
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSRésumé
Eutrophication is a widespread environmental change that usually reduces the stabilizing effect of plant diversity on productivity in local communities. Whether this effect is scale dependent remains to be elucidated. Here, we determine the relationship between plant diversity and temporal stability of productivity for 243 plant communities from 42 grasslands across the globe and quantify the effect of chronic fertilization on these relationships. Unfertilized local communities with more plant species exhibit greater asynchronous dynamics among species in response to natural environmental fluctuations, resulting in greater local stability (alpha stability). Moreover, neighborhood communities that have greater spatial variation in plant species composition within sites (higher beta diversity) have greater spatial asynchrony of productivity among communities, resulting in greater stability at the larger scale (gamma stability). Importantly, fertilization consistently weakens the contribution of plant diversity to both of these stabilizing mechanisms, thus diminishing the positive effect of biodiversity on stability at differing spatial scales. Our findings suggest that preserving grassland functional stability requires conservation of plant diversity within and among ecological communities.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Yann Hautier , Pengfei Zhang , Michel Loreau , Kevin R. Wilcox , Eric W. Seabloom , Elizabeth T. Borer , Jarrett E. K. Byrnes , Sally E. Koerner , Kimberly J. Komatsu , Jonathan S. Lefcheck , Andy Hector , Peter B. Adler , Juan Alberti , Carlos A. Arnillas , Jonathan D. Bakker , Lars A. Brudvig , Miguel N. Bugalho , Marc Cadotte , Maria C. Caldeira , Oliver Carroll
Publication : Nature Communications
Date : 2020
Volume : 11
Issue : 1
Pages : 5375
Catégorie(s)
#CEREEP #CNRS #ENSAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Vincent Médoc , Hélène Albert , Thierry Spataro
Publication : Biological Invasions
Date : 2025
Volume : 17
Issue : 12
Pages : 3625-3637
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUARésumé
Sound emissions from human activities represent a pervasive environmental stressor. Individual responses in terms of behaviour, physiology or anatomy are well documented but whether they propagate through nested ecological interactions to alter complex communities needs to be better understood. This is even more relevant for freshwater ecosystems that harbour a disproportionate fraction of biodiversity but receive less attention than marine and terrestrial systems. We conducted a mesocosm investigation to study the effect of chronic exposure to motorboat noise on the dynamics of a freshwater community including phytoplankton, zooplankton, and roach as a planktivorous fish. As expected under the trophic cascade hypothesis, roach predation induced structural changes in the planktonic communities. Surprisingly, although roach changed their feeding behaviour in response to noise, the dynamics of the roach-dominated planktonic communities did not differ between noisy and noiseless mesocosms. This suggests that the top-down structuring influence of roach on planktonic communities might be resilient to noise and reveals the difficulties on extrapolating impacts form individual responses to complex communities.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Emilie Rojas , Mélanie Gouret , Simon Agostini , Sarah Fiorini , Paulo Fonseca , Gérard Lacroix , Vincent Médoc
Date : 2022
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Benoît Gauzens , Stéphane Legendre , Xavier Lazzaro , Gérard Lacroix
Publication : Oikos
Date : 2025
Volume : 122
Issue : 11
Pages : 1606-1615
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUARésumé
This paper assesses the options available to researchers analysing multilevel (including longitudinal) data, with the aim of supporting good methodological decision-making. Given the confusion in the literature about the key properties of fixed and random effects (FE and RE) models, we present these models’ capabilities and limitations. We also discuss the within-between RE model, sometimes misleadingly labelled a ‘hybrid’ model, showing that it is the most general of the three, with all the strengths of the other two. As such, and because it allows for important extensions—notably random slopes—we argue it should be used (as a starting point at least) in all multilevel analyses. We develop the argument through simulations, evaluating how these models cope with some likely mis-specifications. These simulations reveal that (1) failing to include random slopes can generate anti-conservative standard errors, and (2) assuming random intercepts are Normally distributed, when they are not, introduces only modest biases. These results strengthen the case for the use of, and need for, these models.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Andrew Bell , Malcolm Fairbrother , Kelvyn Jones
Publication : Quality & Quantity
Date : 2019
Volume : 53
Issue : 2
Pages : 1051-1074
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENSRésumé
Advancing the field of ecology relies on understanding generalities and developing theories based on empirical and functional relationships that integrate across organismal to global spatial scales and span temporal scales. Significant advances in predicting responses of ecological communities to globally extensive anthropogenic perturbations, for example, require understanding the role of environmental context in determining outcomes, which in turn requires standardized experiments across sites and regions. Distributed collaborative experiments can lead to high-impact advances that would otherwise be unachievable. Here, we provide specific advice and considerations relevant to researchers interested in employing this emerging approach using as a case study our experience developing and running the Nutrient Network, a globally distributed experimental network (currently >75 sites in 17 countries) that arose from a grassroots, cooperative research effort. We clarify the design, goals and function of the Nutrient Network as a model to empower others in the scientific community to employ distributed experiments to advance our predictive understanding of global-scale ecological trends and responses. Our experiences to date demonstrate that globally distributed experimental science need not be prohibitively expensive or time-consuming on a per capita basis and is not limited to senior scientists or countries where science is well funded. While distributed experiments are not a panacea for understanding ecological systems, they can substantially complement existing approaches.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Elizabeth T. Borer , W. Stanley Harpole , Peter B. Adler , Eric M. Lind , John L. Orrock , Eric W. Seabloom , Melinda D. Smith
Publication : Methods in Ecology and Evolution
Date : 2025
Volume : 5
Issue : 1
Pages : 65-73
Catégorie(s)
#CEREEP #CNRS #ENSRésumé
Droughts can strongly affect grassland productivity and biodiversity, but responses differ widely. Nutrient availability may be a critical factor explaining this variation, but is often ignored in analyses of drought responses. Here, we used a standardized nutrient addition experiment covering 10 European grasslands to test if full-factorial NPK-addition affected plant community responses to inter-annual variation in drought stress and to the extreme summer drought of 2018 in Europe. We found that nutrient addition amplified detrimental drought effects on community above-ground biomass production. Drought effects also differed between functional groups, with a negative effect on graminoid but not forb biomass production. Our results imply that eutrophication in grasslands, which promotes dominance of drought-sensitive graminoids over forbs, amplifies detrimental drought effects. In terms of climate change adaptation, agricultural management would benefit from taking into account differential drought impacts on fertilized versus unfertilized grasslands, which differ in ecosystem services they provide to society.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Kevin Van Sundert , Mohammed A. S. Arfin Khan , Siddharth Bharath , Yvonne M. Buckley , Maria C. Caldeira , Ian Donohue , Maren Dubbert , Anne Ebeling , Nico Eisenhauer , Anu Eskelinen , Alain Finn , Tobias Gebauer , Sylvia Haider , Amandine Hansart , Anke Jentsch , Angelika Kübert , Ivan Nijs , Charles A. Nock , Carla Nogueira , Anita J. Porath‐Krause
Publication : Global Change Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 27
Issue : 11
Pages : 2457