Résumé
Annual plants usually flower and set seed once before senescence results in the death of the whole plant (monocarpic senescence). Leaf senescence also occurs in polycarpic perennials; even in “evergreen” species individual leaves senesce. In the annual model Arabidopsis thaliana sugars accumulate in the senescent leaves and senescence is accelerated by high sugar availability. Similar to A. thaliana, sugar contents increased with leaf age in the perennial Arabis alpina grown under warm conditions (22 ◦C day/18 night). At 5 ◦C, sugar contents in non-senescent leaves were higher than at a warm temperature, but dependent on the accession, either sugars did not accumulate or their contents decreased in old leaves. In A. alpina plants grown in their natural habitat in the Alps, sugar contents declined with leaf age. Growth at a cold temperature slightly delayed senescence in A. alpina. In both warm and cold conditions, an external glucose supply accelerated senescence, but natural variation was found in this response. In conclusion, sugar accumulation under warm conditions could accelerate leaf senescence in A. alpina plants, but genotype-specific responses and interactions with growth temperature are likely to influence senescence under natural conditions.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Astrid Wingler , Emma Josefine Stangberg , Triambak Saxena , Rupal Mistry
Publication : Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 54
Issue : 8
Pages : 595-605
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Kejun Zou , Elisa Thébault , Gérard Lacroix , Sébastien Barot , Shawn Leroux
Publication : Functional Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 30
Issue : 8
Pages : 1454-1465
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUARésumé
Soil organisms play a key role in carbon and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. While soil organisms are strongly influenced by litter chemistry and are highly sensitive to abiotic conditions, little is known about the interactive effects of these two factors. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a 10 week microcosm experiment in which we simulated the effects of climate change on soil ecology. More specifically, we studied relationships among litter nutrient concentration, microbial biomass, Collembola demographic parameters, and litter decomposition, exploring the potential impacts of increasing air temperature and decreasing soil moisture. To develop a gradient of nutrient concentrations, we created six tree litter mixtures with materials gathered from Quercus pubescens and its companion species. In contrast to microbes, we observed that Collembola abundance and litter decomposition were interactively affected by soil moisture and air temperature: the negative effect of increasing air temperature on Collembola abundance was amplified by reduced soil moisture, whereas the positive effect of increasing air temperature on litter decomposition disappeared under reduced soil moisture conditions. In contrast to fungi, the response of bacterial biomass and Collembola abundance to litter nutrient concentration was dependent on abiotic conditions. More specifically, the relationships between nutrients, especially calcium and magnesium, and bacterial biomass and Collembola abundance were less robust or disappeared under drier or warmer conditions. In conclusion, our findings underscore that ongoing climate change could affect soil organisms directly as well as indirectly, by altering their responses to litter nutrient concentrations. In addition, we found that nutrient-rich habitats might be more affected than nutrient-poor habitats by altered climatic conditions.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Charlotte Biryol , Adriane Aupic-Samain , Caroline Lecareux , Thierry Gauquelin , Virginie Baldy , Mathieu Santonja
Publication : OIKOS
Date : 2024
Volume : 2024
Issue : 7
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #FORET O3HPRésumé
A growing body of work examines the direct and indirect effects of climate change on ecosystems, typically by using manipulative experiments at a single site or performing meta-analyses across many independent experiments. However, results from single-site studies tend to have limited generality. Although meta-analytic approaches can help overcome this by exploring trends across sites, the inherent limitations in combining disparate datasets from independent approaches remain a major challenge. In this paper, we present a globally distributed experimental network that can be used to disentangle the direct and indirect effects of climate change. We discuss how natural gradients, experimental approaches, and statistical techniques can be combined to best inform predictions about responses to climate change, and we present a globally distributed experiment that utilizes natural environmental gradients to better understand long-term community and ecosystem responses to environmental change. The warming and (species) removal in mountains (WaRM) network employs experimental warming and plant species removals at high- and low-elevation sites in a factorial design to examine the combined and relative effects of climatic warming and the loss of dominant species on community structure and ecosystem function, both above- and belowground. The experimental design of the network allows for increasingly common statistical approaches to further elucidate the direct and indirect effects of warming. We argue that combining ecological observations and experiments along gradients is a powerful approach to make stronger predictions of how ecosystems will function in a warming world as species are lost, or gained, in local communities.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Case M. Prager , Aimee T. Classen , Maja K. Sundqvist , Maria Noelia Barrios-Garcia , Erin K. Cameron , Litong Chen , Chelsea Chisholm , Thomas W. Crowther , Julie R. Deslippe , Karl Grigulis , Jin-Sheng He , Jeremiah A. Henning , Mark Hovenden , Toke T. Thomas Høye , Xin Jing , Sandra Lavorel , Jennie R. McLaren , Daniel B. Metcalfe , Gregory S. Newman , Marie Louise Nielsen
Publication : Ecology and Evolution
Date : 2025
Volume : 12
Issue : 10
Pages : e9396
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and aggressive tumor of the brain. Genotype-based approaches and independent analyses of the transcriptome or the proteome have led to progress in understanding the underlying biology of GB. Joint transcriptome and proteome profiling may reveal new biological insights, and identify pathogenic mechanisms or therapeutic targets for GB therapy. We present a comparison of transcriptome and proteome data from five GB biopsies (TZ) vs their corresponding peritumoral brain zone (PBZ). Omic analyses were performed using RNA microarray chips and the isotope-coded protein label method (ICPL).
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jean-Michel Lemée , Anne Clavreul , Marc Aubry , Emmanuelle Com , Marie de Tayrac , Jean Mosser , Philippe Menei
Publication : BMC Molecular Biology
Date : 2018
Volume : 19
Issue : 1
Pages : 13
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesRésumé
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.19171 Anan Yin, Amandine Etcheverry, Yalong He, Marc Aubry, Jill Barnholtz-Sloan, Luhua Zhang, Xinggang Mao, Weijun Chen, Bolin Liu, Wei Zhang, Jean Mosser, Xiang...
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Anan Yin , Amandine Etcheverry , Yalong He , Marc Aubry , Jill Barnholtz-Sloan , Luhua Zhang , Xinggang Mao , Weijun Chen , Bolin Liu , Wei Zhang , Jean Mosser , Xiang Zhang
Publication : Oncotarget
Date : 2017
Volume : 8
Issue : 52
Pages : 89607-89619
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marcos D Ercoli , Dionisios Youlatos
Publication : Mammalian Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 81
Issue : 5
Pages : 464-476
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Une infrastructure nationale au service de l'écologie aquatique. Présenté pour les Journées du PEPR One Water en juillet 2023.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Alyssa Clavreul , Laurence Denaix , Jean-François Le Galliard
Date : 2023
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Coordination AnaEE #INRAERésumé
Une infrastructure nationale pour l'étude des écosystèmes continentaux permettant l'étude du cycle du carbone. Présenté lors du séminaire de démarrage du PEPR exploratoire FairCarboN en octobre 2023.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Alyssa Clavreul , Jean-François Le Galliard , Laurence Denaix
Date : 2023
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Coordination AnaEE #INRAERésumé
Abstract
Intestinal organoids are promising tools in the context of animal experiment reduction. Yet, a thorough characterization of the impact of the origin of intestinal stem cells (ISC) on organoid phenotype is needed to routinely use this cellular model. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of ISC donor age on the growth, morphology and cellular composition of intestinal organoids derived from pig, a valuable model of Humans. Organoids were derived from jejunal and colonic ISC obtained from 1, 7, 28, 36 and 180-day old pigs and passaged three times. We first confirmed by qPCR that the expression of 18% of the >80 studied genes related to various intestinal functions differed between jejunal and colonic organoids after two passages (P<0.05). Growth and morphology of organoids depended on intestinal location (greater number and larger organoids derived from colonic than jejunal ISC, P<0.05) but also pig age. Indeed, when ISC were derived from young piglets, the ratio of organoids to spheroids was greater (P<0.05), spheroids were larger during the primary culture but smaller after two passages (P0.05) compared to ISC from older pigs. Finally, no difference in cellular composition, evaluated by immunostaining of markers of the major intestinal cell types (absorptive, enteroendocrine and goblet cells) were observed between organoids originating from 7 or 180-day old pigs, while difference between intestinal site origin were noticed. In conclusion, while the age of the tissue donor affected organoid growth and morphology, it did not influence their phenotype.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Camille Duchesne , Gwénaëlle Randuineau , Laurence Le Normand , Véronique Romé , Samia Laraqui , Alexis Pierre Arnaud , Gaëlle Boudry
Date : 2024