Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Antoine Gardarin , Éric Garnier , Pascal Carrère , Pablo Cruz , Donato Andueza , Anne Bonis , Marie-Pascale Colace , Bertrand Dumont , Michel Duru , Anne Farruggia , Stéphanie Gaucherand , Karl Grigulis , Éric Kernéïs , Sandra Lavorel , Frédérique Louault , Grégory Loucougaray , François Mesléard , Nicole Yavercovski , Elena Kazakou , Jennifer Firn
Publication : Journal of Applied Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 51
Issue : 5
Pages : 1207-1217
Catégorie(s)
#ACBB #ACBB Theix #CNRS #INRAERésumé
Background and Aim Water is an increasingly scarce resource while some crops, such as paddy rice, require large amounts of water to maintain grain production. A better understanding of rice drought adaptation and tolerance mechanisms could help to reduce this problem. There is evidence of a possible role of root-associated fungi in drought adaptation. Here, we analyzed the endospheric fungal microbiota composition in rice and its relation to plant genotype and drought. Methods Fifteen rice genotypes (Oryza sativa ssp. indica) were grown in the field, under well-watered conditions or exposed to a drought period during flowering. The effect of genotype and treatment on the root fungal microbiota composition was analyzed by 18S ribosomal DNA high throughput sequencing. Grain yield was determined after plant maturation. Results There was a host genotype effect on the fungal community composition. Drought altered the composition of the root-associated fungal community and increased fungal biodiversity. The majority of OTUs identified belonged to the Pezizomycotina subphylum and 37 of these significantly correlated with a higher plant yield under drought, one of them being assigned to Arthrinium phaeospermum. Conclusion This study shows that both plant genotype and drought affect the root-associated fungal community in rice and that some fungi correlate with improved drought tolerance. This work opens new opportunities for basic research on the understanding of how the host affects microbiota recruitment as well as the possible use of specific fungi to improve drought tolerance in rice.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Beatriz Andreo-Jimenez , Philippe Vandenkoornhuyse , Amandine Lê Van , Arvid Heutinck , Marie Duhamel , Niteen Kadam , Krishna Jagadish , Carolien Ruyter-Spira , Harro Bouwmeester
Publication : PeerJ
Date : 2019
Volume : 7
Pages : e7463
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesRésumé
Fuel moisture content (FMC) is a crucial driver of forest fires in many regions world-wide. Yet, the dynamics of FMC in forest canopies as well as their physiological and environmental determinants remain poorly understood, especially under extreme drought. We embedded a FMC module in the trait-based, plant-hydraulic SurEau-Ecos model to provide innovative process-based predictions of leaf live fuel moisture content (LFMC) and canopy fuel moisture content (CFMC) based on leaf water potential (ψLeaf). SurEau-Ecos-FMC relies on pressure–volume (p-v) curves to simulate LFMC and vulnerability curves to cavitation to simulate foliage mortality. SurEau-Ecos-FMC accurately reproduced ψLeaf and LFMC dynamics as well as the occurrence of foliage mortality in a Mediterranean Quercus ilex forest. Several traits related to water use (leaf area index, available soil water, and transpiration regulation), vulnerability to cavitation, and p-v curves (full turgor osmotic potential) had the greatest influence on LFMC and CFMC dynamics. As the climate gets drier, our results showed that drought-induced foliage mortality is expected to increase, thereby significantly decreasing CFMC. Our results represent an important advance in our capacity to understand and predict the sensitivity of forests to wildfires.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Julien Ruffault , Jean-Marc Limousin , François Pimont , Jean-Luc Dupuy , Miquel De Càceres , Hervé Cochard , Florent Mouillot , Chris J. Blackman , José M. Torres-Ruiz , Russell A. Parsons , Myriam Moreno , Sylvain Delzon , Steven Jansen , Albert Olioso , Brendan Choat , Nicolas Martin-StPaul
Publication : New Phytologist
Date : 2025
Volume : 237
Issue : 4
Pages : 1256-1269
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #FORET PuechabonRésumé
Le Plan de Gestion de Données(PGD) définit l’organisation et les moyens mobilisés pour la mise en œuvre de la politique de gestion et valorisation des données de l’infrastructure AnaEE France. Il porte sur l’organisation générale des systèmes d’information et des données et vient compléter et fédérer les PGD des plateformes constitutives d’AnaEE France en tant qu’infrastructure distribuée. Le PGD AnaEE France est construit sur le ‘modèle PGD de ANR’ et est structuré en ‘sous-PGD’ correspondants à des modalités d’organisation et de gestion spécifiques imposées par les différences de nature de données. Le PGD AnaEE France est ainsi constitué de deux volets, l’un consacré aux jeux de données, l’autre aux logiciels. Le présent document ne porte que sur les données.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Christian Pichot , André Chanzy , Jean-François Le Galliard
Date : 2022
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Coordination AnaEE #INRAEAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs P G Mellado-Vasquez , Markus Lange , Annette Gockele , Alexandru Milcu , Clement Piel , Christiane Roscher , Jacques Roy , Gerd Gleixner
Publication : Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Date : 2025
Volume : 94
Pages : 1–33
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron de MontpellierAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Markus Lange , Nico Eisenhauer , Carlos a. Sierra , Holger Bessler , Christoph Engels , Robert I. Griffiths , Perla G. Mellado-Vázquez , Ashish a. Malik , Jacques Roy , Stefan Scheu , Sibylle Steinbeiss , Bruce C. Thomson , Susan E. Trumbore , Gerd Gleixner
Publication : Nature Communications
Date : 2025
Volume : 6
Pages : 6707
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron de MontpellierRésumé
Ecosystems provide a variety of ecosystem services (ES), which act as key linkages between social and ecological systems. ES respond spatially and temporally to abiotic and biotic variation, and to management. Thus, resistant and resilient ES provision is expected to remain within a stable range when facing disturbances. In this study, generic indicators to evaluate resistance, potential resilience and capacity for transformation of ES provision are developed and their relevance demonstrated for a mountain grassland system. Indicators are based on plant trait composition (i.e. functional composition) and abiotic parameters determining ES provision at community, meta-community and landscape scales. First the resistance of an ES is indicated by its normal operating range characterized by observed values under current conditions. Second its resilience is assessed by its potential operating range − under hypotheses of reassembly from the community’s species pool. Third its transformation potential is assessed for reassembly at metacommunity and landscape scales. Using a state-and-transition model, possible management-related transitions between mountain grassland states were identified, and indicators calculated for two provisioning and two regulating ES. Overall, resilience properties varied across individual ES, supporting a focus on resilience of specific ES. The resilience potential of the two provisioning services was greater than for the two regulating services, both being linked to functional complementarity within communities. We also found high transformation potential reflecting functional redundancy among communities within each meta-community, and across meta-communities in the landscape. Presented indicators are promising for the projection of future ES provision and the identification of management options under environmental change.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marina Kohler , Caroline Devaux , Karl Grigulis , Georg Leitinger , Sandra Lavorel , Ulrike Tappeiner
Publication : Ecological Indicators
Date : 2025
Volume : 73
Pages : 118-127
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
The impact of species richness and functional diversity of plants on ecosystem water vapor fluxes has been little investigated. To address this knowledge gap, we combined a lysimeter setup in a controlled environment facility (Ecotron) with large ecosystem samples/monoliths originating from a long-term biodiversity experiment (The Jena Experiment) and a modeling approach. Our goals were (1) quantifying the impact of plant species richness (four vs. 16 species) on day- and nighttime ecosystem water vapor fluxes; (2) partitioning ecosystem evapotranspiration into evaporation and plant transpiration using the Shuttleworth and Wallace (SW) energy partitioning model; and (3) identifying the most parsimonious predictors of water vapor fluxes using plant functional-trait-based metrics such as functional diversity and community weighted means. Daytime measured and modeled evapotranspiration were significantly higher in the higher plant diversity treatment, suggesting increased water acquisition. The SW model suggests that, at low plant species richness, a higher proportion of the available energy was diverted to evaporation (a non-productive flux), while, at higher species richness, the proportion of ecosystem transpiration (a productivity-related water flux) increased. While it is well established that LAI controls ecosystem transpiration, here we also identified that the diversity of leaf nitrogen concentration among species in a community is a consistent predictor of ecosystem water vapor fluxes during daytime. The results provide evidence that, at the peak of the growing season, higher leaf area index (LAI) and lower percentage of bare ground at high plant diversity diverts more of the available water to transpiration, a flux closely coupled with photosynthesis and productivity. Higher rates of transpiration presumably contribute to the positive effect of diversity on productivity.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Alexandru Milcu , Werner Eugster , Dorte Bachmann , Marcus Guderle , Christiane Roscher , Annette Gockele , Damien Landais , Olivier Ravel , Arthur Gessler , Markus Lange , Anne Ebeling , Wolfgang W. Weisser , Jacques Roy , Anke Hildebrandt , Nina Buchmann
Publication : Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 97
Issue : 8
Pages : 2044–2054
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron de MontpellierRésumé
Food preferences and food availability are two major determinants of the diet of generalist herbivores and of their spatial distribution. How do these factors interact and eventually lead to diet differentiation in co-occurring herbivores? We quantified the diet of four grasshopper species co-occurring in subalpine grasslands using DNA barcoding of the plants contained in the faeces of individuals sampled in the field. The food preferences of each grasshopper species were assessed by a choice (cafeteria) experiment from among 24 plant species common in five grassland plots, in which the four grasshoppers were collected, while the habitat was described by the relative abundance of plant species in the grassland plots. Plant species were characterised by their leaf economics spectrum (LES), quantifying their nutrient vs. structural tissue content. The grasshoppers' diet, described by the mean LES of the plants eaten, could be explained by their plant preferences but not by the available plants in their habitat. The diet differed significantly across four grasshopper species pairs out of six, which validates food preferences assessed in standardised conditions as indicators for diet partitioning in nature. In contrast, variation of the functional diversity (FD) for LES in the diet was mostly correlated to the FD of the available plants in the habitat, suggesting that diet mixing depends on the environment and is not an intrinsic property of the grasshopper species. This study sheds light on the mechanisms determining the feeding niche of herbivores, showing that food preferences influence niche position whereas habitat diversity affects niche breadth.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sébastien Ibanez , Olivier Manneville , Christian Miquel , Pierre Taberlet , Alice Valentini , Serge Aubert , Eric Coissac , Marie-Pascale Colace , Quentin Duparc , Sandra Lavorel , Marco Moretti
Publication : Oecologia
Date : 2013
Volume : 173
Issue : 4
Pages : 1459-1470
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Relationships between plants and nitrogen-related microbes may vary with plant growth. We investigated these dynamic relationships over three months by analyzing plant functional traits (PFT), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) colonization, potential N mineralization (PNM), potential nitrification (PNA) and denitrification activities (PDA) in Dactylis glomerata cultures. D. glomerata recruited AMF during early growth, and thereafter maintained a constant root colonization intensity. This may have permitted high enough plant nutrient acquisition over the three months as to offset reduced soil inorganic N. PFT changed with plant age and declining soil fertility, resulting in higher allocation to root biomass and higher root C:N ratio. Additional to root AMF presence, PFT changes may have favored denitrification over mineralization through changes in soil properties, particularly increasing the quality of the labile carbon soil fraction. Other PFT changes, such as N uptake, modified the plants’ ability to compete with bacterial groups involved in N cycling.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs N. Legay , J. C. Clément , F. Grassein , S. Lavorel , S. Lemauviel-Lavenant , E. Personeni , F. Poly , T. Pommier , T. M. Robson , B. Mouhamadou , M. N. Binet
Publication : Fungal Ecology
Date : 2020
Volume : 44
Pages : 100910