Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jason Vleminckx , Claire Fortunel , Oscar Valverde‐Barrantes , CE Timothy Paine , Julien Engel , Pascal Petronelli , Aurélie K Dourdain , Juan Guevara , Solène Béroujon , Christopher Baraloto
Publication : Oikos
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Global change scenarios in the Mediterranean basin predict a precipitation reduction within the coming hundred years. Therefore, increased drought will affect forests both in terms of adaptive ecology and ecosystemic services. However, how vegetation might adapt to drought is poorly understood. In this report, four years of climate change was simulated by excluding 35% of precipitation above a downy oak forest. RNASeq data allowed us to assemble a genome-guided transcriptome. This led to the identification of differentially expressed features, which was supported by the characterization of target metabolites using a metabolomics approach. We provided 2.5 Tb of RNASeq data and the assembly of the first genome guided transcriptome of Quercus pubescens. Up to 5724 differentially expressed transcripts were obtained; 42 involved in plant response to drought. Transcript set enrichment analysis showed that drought induces an increase in oxidative pressure that is mitigated by the upregulation of ubiquitin-like protein protease, ferrochelatase, oxaloacetate decarboxylase and oxo-acid-lyase activities. Furthermore, the downregulation of auxin biosynthesis and transport, carbohydrate storage metabolism were observed as well as the concomitant accumulation of metabolites, such as oxalic acid, malate and isocitrate. Our data suggest that early metabolic changes in the resistance of Q. pubescens to drought involve a tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle shunt through the glyoxylate pathway, galactose metabolism by reducing carbohydrate storage and increased proteolytic activity.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jean-Philippe Mevy , Beatrice Loriod , Xi Liu , Erwan Corre , Magali Torres , Michael Büttner , Anne Haguenauer , Ilja Marco Reiter , Catherine Fernandez , Thierry Gauquelin
Publication : Plants
Date : 2025
Volume : 9
Pages : 1149
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET Nouragues #FORET O3HPRésumé
Man-made sounds are now recognized as a pervasive pollutant, and impacts on wildlife have been researched for many years. However, less knowledge is available on certain species, particularly small freshwater invertebrates, which are abundant, highly diversified, and occupy key positions in food webs. Also, it is not clear whether the responses to noise observed at the level of individuals have consequences on communities. A mesocosm investigation was performed to assess the response of a freshwater planktonic community to chronic motorboat noise. Noise was expected to disturb trophic links within the community and particularly the consumption of cladocerans by dipteran larvae. To test this hypothesis, the functional response of Chaoborus larvae feeding on Daphnia was derived, and their behavior during the foraging process was recorded in microcosms (aquariums). Although noise did not induce obvious alteration in the community composition, a significant increase in the abundance of cladocerans was found that was not supported by the results of the microcosm investigation, showing no difference in Chaoborus functional response or behavior between the noisy and noiseless conditions. The results of this chapter suggest that the composition of freshwater zooplankton and particularly cladocerans is likely to be altered by chronic noise, with further investigations needed to understand the mechanisms. They also illustrate how scaling up the effects of noise from individual responses to community remains difficult.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Emilie Rojas , Camille Desjonquères , Simon Agostini , Sarah Fiorini , Béatriz Decencière , Michael Danger , Vincent Felten , Vincent Médoc , Arthur N. Popper , Joseph Sisneros , Anthony D. Hawkins , Frank Thomsen
Date : 2025
Pages : 1-17
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUARésumé
Only a few studies have examined responses of grassland functional diversity to management and major environmental gradients, in order to address the question of whether grassland use can promote functional divergence. For five grassland sites in Israel, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Mediterranean France, and the French Alps, where traditional grassland management is being abandoned, we quantified community-weighted means (CWM) and functional divergence (FDvg) for the three Leaf–Height–Seed (LHS) traits, individually and in combination. Responses of CWM and FDvg to land use were analyzed by mixed linear models with aridity, phosphorus, fertility, and the fractions of grasses and annuals as covariates.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sandra Lavorel , Francesco de Bello , Karl Grigulis , Jan Lepš , Eric Garnier , Helena Castro , Jiri Dolezal , Carly Godolets , Fabien Quétier , Aurélie Thébault
Publication : Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution
Date : 2025
Volume : 57
Issue : 1-2
Pages : 53-72
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Earthworms contribute to a wide range of ecosystem services provided by the soil. Nevertheless, synecology of these organisms is still not properly elucidated especially in terms of species interactions. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of anecic earthworm species interactions on their individual biomass. These effects were measured using three epi-anecic species, Lumbricus rubellus rubellus (Hoffmeister, 1843), Lumbricus centralis (Bouché, 1972), Lumbricus terrestris (Linné 1758), and three strict-anecic species, Aporrectodea caliginosa meridionalis (Bouché, 1972), Aporrectodea nocturna (Evans, 1946), Aporrectodea giardi (Savigny, 1826). Twenty-one pairs of individuals were established following five assemblages: monospecific pairwise assemblages of epi- and strict-anecic earthworms (2 × 3 treatments), bispecific pairwise assemblages within epi- and within strict-anecic earthworms (2 × 3 treatments) and bispecific pairwise assemblages with one epi- and one strict-anecic earthworm (3 × 3 treatments). Treatments were maintained in mesocosms for 30 days under controlled conditions (food provided at the soil surface at the beginning of the experiment) and changes in the earthworm individual biomass were measured. Strict-anecic earthworms in monospecific or bispecific assemblages maintained their initial biomass. In contrast, epi-anecic earthworms exhibited an increase of 12.4% and 23.7% of their biomass in monospecific and bispecific assemblages, respectively. In bispecific assemblages combining one epi- and one strict-anecic earthworm, epi-anecic earthworms solely gained biomass leading to a total increase of a 6.9%. Surprisingly, the biomass' changes were not homogenous within the two sub-categories as the six earthworm species exhibited species-specific responses. The greatest increases in individual biomass were recorded for epi-anecic earthworms in the bispecific assemblages. This study provides further evidence for the distinction between the two anecic sub-categories, as it indicates that species interactions is positive only for epi-anecic earthworm biomass.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Kevin Hoeffner , Cécile Monard , Daniel Cluzeau , Mathieu Santonja
Publication : Applied Soil Ecology
Date : 2019
Volume : 144
Pages : 8-11
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Solenn Stoeckel , Ronan Becheler , Luis Portillo-Lemus , Marilyne Harang , Anne-Laure Besnard , Gilles Lassalle , Romain Causse-Védrines , Sophie Michon-Coudouel , Daniel J. Park , Bernard J. Pope , Eric J. Petit , Dominique Barloy
Publication : Peer Community Journal
Date : 2025
Volume : 4
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesRésumé
Global climate changes such as prolonged duration and intensity of drought can lead to adverse ecological consequences in forests. Currently little is known about soil microbial community responses to such drought regimes in tropical forests. In this study, we examined the resistance and resilience of topsoil prokaryotic communities to a prolongation of the dry season in terms of diversity, community structure and co-occurrence patterns in a French Guianan tropical forest. Through excluding rainfall during and after the dry season, a simulated prolongation of the dry season by five months was compared to controls. Our results show that prokaryotic communities increasingly diverged from controls with the progression of rain exclusion. Furthermore, prolonged drought significantly affected microbial co-occurrence networks. However, both the composition and co-occurrence networks of soil prokaryotic communities immediately ceased to differ from controls when precipitation throughfall returned. This study thus suggests modest resistance but high resilience of microbial communities to a prolonged drought in tropical rainforest soils.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Lingjuan Li , Catherine Preece , Qiang Lin , Laëtitia M Bréchet , Clément Stahl , Elodie A Courtois , Erik Verbruggen
Publication : FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 97
Issue : 9
Pages : fiab116
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The capacity of a Quercus pubescens forest to resist recurrent drought was assessed on an in situ experimental platform through the measurement of a large set of traits (ecophysiological and metabolic) studied under natural drought (ND) and amplified drought (AD) induced by partial rain exclusion. This study was performed during the third and fourth years of AD, which correspond to conditions of moderate AD in 2014 and harsher AD in 2015, respectively. Although water potential (Ψ) and net photosynthesis (Pn) were noticeably reduced under AD in 2015 compared to ND, trees showed similar growth and no oxidative stress. The absence of oxidative damage could be due to a strong accumulation of α-tocopherol, suggesting that this compound is a major component of the Q. pubescens antioxidant system. Other antioxidants were rather stable under AD in 2014, but slight changes started to be observed in 2015 (carotenoids and isoprene) due to harsher conditions. Our results indicate that Q. pubescens could be able to cope with AD, for at least 4 years, likely due to its antioxidant system. However, growth decrease was observed during the fifth year (2016) of AD, suggesting that this resistance could be threatened over longer periods of recurrent drought.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Amélie Saunier , Elena Ormeño , Michel Havaux , Henri Wortham , Brigitte Ksas , Brice Temime-Roussel , James D. Blande , Caroline Lecareux , Jean-Philippe Mévy , Anne Bousquet-Mélou , Thierry Gauquelin , Catherine Fernandez
Publication : Plant, Cell & Environment
Date : 2018
Volume : 41
Issue : 10
Pages : 2299-2312
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET O3HPAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sara Vicca , Manuela Balzarolo , Iolanda Filella , André Granier , Mathias Herbst , Alexander Knohl , Bernard Longdoz , Martina Mund , Zoltan Nagy , Krisztina Pintér , Serge Rambal , Jan Verbesselt , Aleixandre Verger , Achim Zeileis , Chao Zhang , Josep Peñuelas
Publication : Scientific Reports
Date : 2025
Volume : 6
Issue : 1
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET PuechabonRésumé
Intra-specific aggressive interactions play a prominent role in the life of many animals. While studies have found evidence for repeatability in boldness, activity, and exploration in amphibians, we know relatively little about consistent among-individual variation in aggressiveness, despite its importance for male-male competition and territoriality. Amphibians, and Neotropical poison frogs (Dendrobatidae) in particular, are highly suitable for investigating among-individual variation in aggressiveness, as most species exhibit strong territoriality in at least one of the sexes. In the present study, we aimed to fill this gap in knowledge, by investigating within- and between-individual variation in territorial aggression in a semi-natural population of the Neotropical poison frog Allobates femoralis (Dendrobatidae) in French Guiana. We conducted repeated, standardized behavioral tests to assess if the level of territorial aggression is consistent within and different between individuals. Further, we tested a possible link between body size and level of territorial aggression. We found moderate repeatability in territorial aggressiveness, but no link to age and/or body size. In conclusion, our study represents the first documentation of repeatable aggressive behavior in a territorial context in amphibians.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sarah Chaloupka , Mélissa Peignier , Susanne Stückler , Yimen Araya-Ajoy , Patrick Walsh , Max Ringler , Eva Ringler
Publication : Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
Date : 2022
Volume : 10
Pages : 881387