Résumé
Northeastern South America has been historically undersampled across most biota. Surveys conducted for aquatic insects in French Guiana during the past 14 years have resulted in the collection of 16 species of Naucoridae, of which 10 are new country records. Of these 16 species, 10 are in the subfamily Ambrysinae, one in Ilyocorinae, and five in Limnocorinae. At least six of these species are considered rare, as very few specimens are known. A checklist, annotated list, distribution maps, and an illustrated key to identify adults of these species are presented.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Robert W. Sites , Simon Clavier , William D. Shepard
Publication : Journal of the International Heteropterists' Society
Date : 2024
Volume : 1
Issue : 1
Pages : 33-56
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The range of interactions between Cladosporium, a ubiquitous fungal genus, and insects, a class including about 60% of the animal species, is extremely diverse. The broad case history of antagonism and mutualism connecting Cladosporium and insects is reviewed in this paper based on the examination of the available literature. Certain strains establish direct interactions with pests or beneficial insects or indirectly influence them through their endophytic development in plants. Entomopathogenicity is often connected to the production of toxic secondary metabolites, although there is a case where these compounds have been reported to favor pollinator attraction, suggesting an important role in angiosperm reproduction. Other relationships include mycophagy, which, on the other hand, may reflect an ecological advantage for these extremely adaptable fungi using insects as carriers for spreading in the environment. Several Cladosporium species colonize insect structures, such as galleries of ambrosia beetles, leaf rolls of attelabid weevils and galls formed by cecidomyid midges, playing a still uncertain symbiotic role. Finally, the occurrence of Cladosporium in the gut of several insect species has intriguing implications for pest management, also considering that some strains have proven to be able to degrade insecticides. These interactions especially deserve further investigation to understand the impact of these fungi on pest control measures and strategies to preserve beneficial insects.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Rosario Nicoletti , Elia Russo , Andrea Becchimanzi
Publication : Journal of Fungi
Date : 2024
Volume : 10
Issue : 1
Pages : 78
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Miquéias Ferrão , Pedro Henrique Dos Santos Dias , Igor L. Kaefer , Anthony Santana Ferreira , Rodrigo Tavares-Pinheiro , Abdiel Pinheiro Freitas , Carlos Eduardo Costa-Campos
Publication : Zootaxa
Date : 2024
Volume : 5399
Issue : 4
Pages : 446-450
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Abstract
The human milk (HM) microbiota, a highly diverse microbial ecosystem, is thought to contribute to the health benefits associated with breastfeeding, notably through its impact on infant gut microbiota. Our objective was to further explore the role of HM bacteria on gut homeostasis through a “disassembly/reassembly” strategy. HM strains covering the diversity of HM cultivable microbiota were first characterized individually and then assembled in synthetic bacterial communities (SynComs) using two human cellular models, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and a quadricellular model mimicking intestinal epithelium. Selected HM bacteria displayed a large range of immunomodulatory properties and had variable effects on epithelial barrier, allowing their classification in functional groups. This multispecies characterization of HM bacteria showed no clear association between taxonomy and HM bacteria impacts on epithelial immune and barrier functions, revealing the entirety and complexity of HM bacteria potential. More importantly, the assembly of HM strains in two SynComs with similar taxonomic composition but with strains that exhibited different properties individually, resulted in contrasted impacts on the epithelium, these impacts of SynComs partially diverging from the predicted ones based on individual bacteria. Overall, our results indicate that the functional properties of the HM bacterial community rather than the taxonomic composition itself could play a crucial role in intestinal homeostasis of infants.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Charles Le Bras , Lucie Rault , Nolwenn Jacquet , Nathalie Daniel , Victoria Chuat , Florence Valence , Amandine Bellanger , Latifa Bousarghin , Sophie Blat , Yves Le Loir , Isabelle Le Huërou-Luron , Sergine Even
Publication : ISME Communications
Date : 2024
Pages : ycad019
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesRésumé
Methods On the basis of historical land-use maps drawn between 1862 and 1864 and on historical forest manage‑ment archives, we selected 62 sites in the French Alps with contrasting land-use histories (ancient forests, which were already forested on historical maps vs recent forests, which have recovered following abandonment of pastures) and different durations since last harvest (from 1 to over 50 years). We carried out soil sampling and assessed fungal diversity by metabarcoding analysis. We analysed soil fungal molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTU) diversity as a whole and for the main lifestyle groups (such as wood saprotrophic or ectomycorrhizal fungi) using multiple lin‑ear regressions on Shannon’s diversity index and fungal taxonomic composition using canonical correlation analysis.
Results We found no significant effect of harvesting intensity, time since last harvest or land-use history on total fungal MOTU diversity, fungal lifestyle diversity or taxonomic composition. In contrast, we observed significant effects of elevation, pH, organic carbon and available phosphorus content on the taxonomic and functional composition of soil fungal communities.
Conclusions The structure of soil fungal communities (i.e. diversity and species composition) was mainly deter‑mined by elevation and edaphic factors, indicating a high-context dependency, as previously found in similar studies. Our study in mountain forests shows that recent forests established on former pastures had no legacy effect on soil conditions and fungal communities, in contrast to previous results in lowland areas, where recent forests were mainly established on former cropland. Uneven-aged forest management had no effect on fungal diversity, in contrast to previous results observed in even-aged high forests.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sylvain Mollier , Georges Kunstler , Jean-Luc Dupouey , Stephen Mulero , Laurent Bergès
Publication : Annals of Forest Science
Date : 2024
Volume : 81
Issue : 1
Pages : 2
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #eDNARésumé
Two main landscapes emerge from the Guiana Shield: the highlands to the west called the Pantepui region and the Amazonian lowlands to the east, both harbouring numerous endemic species. With 32 currently recognized species, the genus Anomaloglossus stands out among Neotropical frogs as one that diversified only within the Guiana Shield both in the highlands and the lowlands. We present a time-calibrated phylogeny obtained by using combined mitogenomic and nuclear DNA, which suggests that the genus originates from Pantepui where extant lineages started diversifying around 21 Ma, and subsequently (ca. 17 Ma) dispersed during the Miocene Climatic Optimum to the lowlands of the eastern Guiana Shield where the ability to produce endotrophic tadpoles evolved. Further diversification within the lowlands in the A. stepheni group notably led to an evolutionary reversal toward exotrophy in one species group during the late Miocene, followed by reacquisition of endotrophy during the Pleistocene. These successive shifts of reproductive mode seem to have accompanied climatic oscillations. Long dry periods might have triggered evolution of exotrophy, whereas wetter climates favoured endotrophic forms, enabling colonization of terrestrial habitats distant from water. Acquisition, loss, and reacquisition of endotrophy makes Anomaloglossus unique among frogs and may largely explain the current species diversity. The micro evolutionary processes involved in these rapid shifts of reproductive mode remain to be revealed.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jean-Pierre Vacher , Philippe J. R. Kok , Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues , Albertina Lima , Tomas Hrbek , Fernanda P. Werneck , Sophie Manzi , Christophe Thebaud , Antoine Fouquet
Publication : MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Date : 2024
Volume : 192
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The concept of a soundscape is found in both ecology and music studies. Nature soundscapes and soundscape compositions are analyzed by both disciplines, respectively, to understand their biological diversity and ecosystem functioning and to interpret their compositional structure. A major challenge for both disciplines is visualizing the information embedded in a large variety of soundscapes and to share it with different audiences, from non-professionals to experts. To analyze soundscapes, both disciplines have independently developed similarity visualizations. However, no attempt has been made yet to combine these two fields of research to improve our ecological and musical perception of environmental sounds through shared similarity analysis methods. In this paper, we introduce a new visualization tool, the soundscape chord diagram (SCD), a circular similarity representation method that can be applied to any type of soundscape, either in ecoacoustics or electroacoustic studies. Our approach consists of visualizing spectral similarities between predefined sound segments based on the computation of a
β-
diversity acoustic index and on automatic clustering. SCDs were tested on two ecoacoustic forest databases and two electroacoustic soundscape compositions. SCDs were performant for the identification of specific acoustic events and highlighted known diel periods for nature soundscapes and written parts for soundscape compositions. This new visualization tool allows us to easily decipher the structure of musical and ecological acoustic data. SCDs could be applied to a large variety of soundscapes and promote their knowledge and preservation. This study opens a new way of investigating soundscapes at the interface between ecology and music, bringing together science and the arts.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Adèle De Baudouin , Pierre Couprie , Félix Michaud , Sylvain Haupert , Jérôme Sueur
Publication : Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
Date : 2024
Volume : 12
Pages : 1334776
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The European Alps are experiencing more than twice the increase in air temperature observed in the rest of the world. Thus, the treeline ecotone, and the unique habitats above it, offer a preview of drastic changes in plant and animal communities. However, our knowledge about climate change impacts on microbial diversity belowground is scarce. Here we investigate how upslope shift of the treeline ecotone, associated with changes in soil nutrient content, temperature and precipitation, will influence alpine ectomycorrhizal (EM) communities of Dryas octopetala, Bistorta vivipara and Salix herbacea across different habitat types in the Alps. We also assessed the degree of EM community taxonomic composition turnover in these habitats across three different climatic projections for 2040 and 2070. Our results indicate that the specialized EM fungal communities from snowbed habitats will be mostly negatively influenced under the current trajectory of environmental shifting predicted for the region. In contrast, fungi from the treeline ecotone, having wider niches, will be positively influenced by future climate and extend upwards. In addition, our predictions of EM community turnover for putative future climatic scenarios revealed high rates of turnover across the entire alpine region. This, together with glacier retreats, will aid colonization of alpine snowbed habitats by new EM plants and associated fungi, bringing additional pressures on local mycorrhizas and likely leading to fungal species extinctions.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs R. Arraiano-Castilho , M. I. Bidartondo , T. Niskanen , I. Brunner , S. Zimmermann , B. Senn-Irlet , B. Frey , U. Peintner , T. Mrak , L. M. Suz
Publication : Fungal Ecology
Date : 2024
Volume : 67
Pages : 101300
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Lucía Laorden-Camacho , Elena Tello-García , Karl Grigulis , Marie-Pascale Colace , Christiane Gallet , Ursula Peintner , Ulrike Tappeiner , Georg Leitinger , Sandra Lavorel
Date : 2024
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Antoine Sobaga , Florence Habets , Samuel Abiven , Pierre Faure-Catteloin
Date : 2025