Résumé
Vanilla (Orchidaceae) is a broadly distributed and diverse genus of climbing plants with significant cultural and commercial value. Despite its economical importance, aspects of its biology, ecology and evolution remain poorly understood. We re-circumscribe Vanilla providing a solid taxonomic framework that incorporates prior classification schemes, newly described taxa and recent nomenclatural changes. Based on a well-sampled and supported phylogenetic framework, complemented by morphological, ecological, and biogeographical data, we propose a revised infrageneric classification for the 128 currently accepted species and two nothospecies of Vanilla. Four subgenera and seven sections are recognized, most newly described. Three of the subgenera are exclusively Neotropical and one is pantropical. The Neotropical endemics are Vanilla subgenera Vanilla with 40 species and two nothospecies, Membranacea with 17 species, and Gondwana with a single Guianan species. A fourth subgenus, Vanilla subgen. Tethyos, presents the highest diversity and broadest geographical distribution, with 70 species across Africa, Asia and the Antilles. The latter is further subdivided into three sections: Aphyllae, Miguelia and Tethyos. Vanilla subgen. Membranacea is divided into two sections, Dictyophyllaria and Membranacea. Vanilla subgen. Vanilla includes two sections, Palmarum and Vanilla, and encompasses all species of commercial importance on account of their aromatic fruits. The New World hosts 64 Vanilla species and two nothospecies distributed across all subgenera, while the Old World accounts for 64 species. Critical notes on typification, recognition, distribution, and ecology of the genus, and its infrageneric taxa are provided, along with an identification key and a table listing all accepted species.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs A. Karremans , Franco Pupulin , Alexander Damián-Parizaca
Publication : Phytotaxa
Date : 2025
Volume : 715
Pages : 207-228
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Atmospheric dioxygen (O2) concentration and isotopic composition are closely linked to the carbon cycle through anthropic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and biological processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. The measurement of the isotopic ratio of O2, trapped in ice core bubbles, brings information about past variation in the hydrological cycle at low latitudes, as well as past productivity. Currently, the interpretation of those variations could be drastically improved with a better (i.e., quantitative) knowledge of the oxygen isotopic fractionation that occurs during photosynthesis and respiration processes. This could be achieved, for example, during experiments using closed biological chambers. In order to estimate the isotopic fractionation coefficient with good precision, one of the principal limitations is the need for high-frequency online measurements of isotopic composition of O2, expressed as δ18O of O2 (δ18O(O2)) and O2 concentration. To address this issue, we developed a new instrument, based on the optical-feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) technique, enabling high-temporal-resolution and continuous measurements of O2 concentration as well as δ18O(O2), both simultaneously. The minimum Allan deviation occurred between 10 and 20 min, while precision reached 0.002 % for the O2 concentration and 0.06 ‰ for δ18O(O2), which correspond to the optimal integration time and analytical precision before instrumental drift started degrading the measurements. Instrument accuracy was in good agreement with dual-inlet isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Measured values were slightly affected by humidity, and we decided to measure δ18O(O2) and O2 concentration after drying the gas. On the other hand, a 1 % increase in O2 concentration increased the δ18O(O2) by 0.53 ‰. To ensure the good quality of O2 concentration and δ18O(O2) measurements we eventually proposed to measure the calibration standard every 20 min.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Clément Piel , Daniele Romanini , Morgane Farradèche , Justin Chaillot , Clémence Paul , Nicolas Bienville , Thomas Lauwers , Joana Sauze , Kévin Jaulin , Frédéric Prié , Amaëlle Landais
Publication : Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Date : 2024
Volume : 17
Issue : 22
Pages : 6647-6658
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Ecotron de MontpellierRésumé
The gymnophthalmid lizard genus Arthrosaura currently contains seven species distributed in the Amazonian lowlands and in the Pantepui region. The phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of most species in the genus are surrounded by considerable uncertainty. The type locality of the widespread Ar. reticulata (type species for the genus) is Canelos in Ecuador, but no specimen from Ecuador has ever been included in molecular phylogenies. Here we reassessed the molecular systematics and species’ diversity of Arthrosaura based on a multilocus analysis of a six-gene region matrix of an extensive dataset, including several species/populations that had never been sequenced previously, most from close to the type localities. Our results reveal a non-monophyletic Arthrosaura, with Ar. testigensis nested within Yanomamia, and Arthrosaura kockii recovered sister to all other Ecpleopodinae. Rampant ‘cryptic’ speciation is recovered in the Amazonian lowlands, with at least four undescribed species. The genus is particularly diverse in the Guiana Shield, which harbours nine of the 10 species recovered in our analyses (Ar. kockii excluded). Eight of these species are endemic to the Guiana Shield, four in the western part (west of the Essequibo River), four in the eastern part (east of the Essequibo River).
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Philippe J R Kok , Antoine Fouquet , Omar Torres Carvajal , D Bruce Means , Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues
Publication : Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
Date : 2025
Volume : 204
Issue : 2
Pages : zlaf045
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Bacterial adherence to the intestinal epithelium plays a role in niche establishment in the gut lumen. Through sampling natural populations of Caenorhabditis, we discovered several bacterial species that adhere to the intestinal epithelium via polar, intimate association, best described as attachment. These bacteria had varying effects on host fitness and physiology, with one species having negative effects, and the others exhibiting neutral effects. These bacteria can actively divide in the gut lumen, either replicating throughout the gut simultaneously or anteroposteriorly. In competition assays, animals pre-colonized with an attaching commensal bacteria reduced colonization by the pathogenic bacteria, but this effect was not seen when animals were colonized by both species simultaneously. Regardless of the colonization paradigm, populations exposed to both bacteria showed a near-identical mitigation of the pathogenic effects. Altogether, these strains illustrate the capacity of microbiome bacteria to attach, replicate, and establish a niche across the entire intestinal lumen.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Dalaena E. Rivera , Kayla Poirier , Samuel Moore , Ophélie Nicolle , Emily Morgan , Jonah Faye Longares , Anupama Singh , Grégoire Michaux , Marie-Anne Félix , Robert J. Luallen
Publication : npj Biofilms and Microbiomes
Date : 2025
Volume : 11
Issue : 1
Pages : 70
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Anderson Lozorio , Gustavo Colaço , Pedro Pequeno , Helio da Silva
Publication : Journal of Natural History
Date : 2025
Volume : 59
Pages : 2613-2636
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Ophiophagy, the behaviour of feeding on snakes, constitutes one of several feeding behaviours documented in various animals globally. Here, we provide a report on two ophiophagous feeding events of an adult and sub-adult D. corais preying on the Rainbow Boa (Epicrates cenchria) and Checker-bellied Snake (Siphlophis cervinus), respectively.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs John Bosu Mensah , Joey Felsch , Ádám Simon , Eva Ringler
Publication : Herpetology Notes
Date : 2025
Volume : 18
Pages : 981-983
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Descriptions of eleven new species and two new subspecies of Neotropical Ozaenini (Coleoptera, Paussidae): Goniotropis matogrossensis n. sp. From Brazil, Proozaena filiformis nigrescens n. subsp., from Peru, P. belizensis n. sp. from Belize, Filicerozaena constantiniana n. sp. from Peru, F. gaujoni n. sp. from Ecuador, F. woytkowskii n. sp. and Tachypeles hudsonioides n. sp. from Peru, T. obandoi n. sp. from Costa Rica, T. zonensis n. sp. from Panama, T. quesadai n. sp. from Costa Rica, T. reductops n. sp. from Panama, T. boulardi nigrostriatus n. subsp. and T. minibrunneus n. sp. from French Guyana.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Thierry Deuve
Publication : Coléoptères
Date : 2025
Volume : 31
Issue : 4
Pages : 45-91
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
During an inventory conducted in 2013, followed by in-depth examinations, an atypical specimen of Epidendrum from the E. nocturnum group was revealed to be new to science. This taxon, which brings to seven the number of species in this group in French Guiana, is described here, illustrated and compared to the closes species. A key to determining these seven species is provided. A brief discussion is provided on the taxon E. carpophorum, described by Barbosa Rodrigues, in relation to the French Guianan populations. A nomenclatural clarification is also provided concerning the name Epidendrum purpureocaulis, taxon of the E. nocturnum group, sometimes incorrectly modified to E. purpureocaule.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Aurélien Sambin
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
We examined the three strata of an Amazonian rainforest (e.g., the ground and leaf litter, understory and canopy) using only two sampling techniques and analyzed their functional traits. We identifie...
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jacques H. C. Delabie , Alain Dejean , Maurice Leponce , John T. Longino , Jérôme Orivel , Axel Touchard , Arthur Compin
Publication : Ecology and Evolution
Date : 2025
Volume : 15
Issue : 12
Pages : e72793
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Lia Schlippe Justicia , Andrius Pašukonis , Bibiana Rojas
Publication : Current Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 35
Issue : 23
Pages : R1132-R1134