Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Alexandru Milcu , Arthur Gessler , Christiane Roscher , Laura Rose , Zachary Kayler , Dörte Bachmann , Karin Pirhofer-Walzl , Saša Zavadlav , Lucia Galiano , Tina Buchmann , Michael Scherer-Lorenzen , Jacques Roy
Publication : Scientific Reports
Date : 2025
Volume : 7
Issue : 1
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Ecotron de MontpellierRésumé
We present a multidisciplinary approach to document the vegetation and landscape of Upper Guisane Valley around the Lautaret Pass area in the French Southwestern Alps since 7200 calyr BP. We combined pollen analysis in a peat bog (at 2044 m) with a leaf imprint study in two nearby travertine systems (at 2100 and 1950 m). During the last 7200 years, there was an open landscape with scarce trees such asconifers including Larix decidua Mill., Pinus spp., and Abies alba Mill. 2100 m was the highest altitude where fossils of A. alba Mill. have been reported in the Guisane Valley. These results, according to the pollen record of anthropogenic indicators and an increasing biodiversity of grasslands, suggest a human presence in the pass area since ca 6500 years with a preRoman deforestation. This human impact has become maximum from 1100 calyr BP to present, resulting from cereal crop agriculture and deforestation. The comparative study of the different records confirmed the role played by the exposition in the forest dynamics of the alpine valleys during the Holocene.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Anne-Lise Cabanat , Fernand David , Jean-Louis Latil , Christophe Perrier , Serge Aubert
Publication : Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology
Date : 2025
Volume : 246
Pages : 32-43
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Nick M. Haddad , Robert D. Holt , Robert J., Jr. Fletcher , Michel Loreau , Jean Clobert
Publication : ECOGRAPHY
Date : 2017
Volume : 40
Issue : 1
Pages : 1-8
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Metatron terrestreRésumé
Earlier snowmelt changes spring stress exposure and growing-season length, possibly causing shifts in plant species dominance. If such shifts involve trees, this may lead to changes in treeline position. We hypothesized that earlier snowmelt would negatively affect the performance of tree seedlings near the treeline due to higher spring stress levels, but less so if seedlings were protected from the main stress factors of night frosts and excess solar radiation. We exposed seedlings of five European treeline tree species: Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus cembra, Pinus uncinata, and Sorbus aucuparia to two snow-cover treatments (early and late melting, with about two weeks difference) combined with reduced sky exposure during the day (shading) or night (night warming), repeated in two years, at a site about 200 m below the regional treeline elevation. Physiological stress levels (as indicated by lower Fv/Fm) in the first weeks after emergence from snow were higher in early-emerging seedlings. As expected, shade reduced stress, but contrary to expectation, night warming did not. However, early- and late-emerging seedlings did not differ overall in their growth or survival, and the interaction with shading was inconsistent between years. Overall, shading had the strongest effect, decreasing stress levels and mortality (in the early-emerging seedlings only), but also growth. A two-week difference in snow-cover duration did not strongly affect the seedlings, although even smaller differences have been shown to affect productivity in alpine and arctic tundra vegetation. Still, snowmelt timing cannot be discarded as important for regeneration in subalpine conditions, because (1) it is likely more critical in very snow-rich or snow-poor mountains or landscape positions; and (2) it can change (sub)alpine vegetation phenology and productivity, thereby affecting plant interactions, an aspect that should be considered in future studies.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Maaike Y. Bader , Hannah Loranger , Gerhard Zotz , Glenda Mendieta-Leiva
Publication : Forests
Date : 2025
Volume : 9
Issue : 1
Pages : 12
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
INTRODUCTION: Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) are highly metastatic tumors with metastases detected at diagnosis (synchronous) or during follow-up (metachronous). To date, there have been no reports comparing primary ccRCC of patients with synchronous and metachronous metastases, who are different in terms of prognosis. Determining whether there is a phenotypic difference between these 2 groups could have important clinical implications.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective consecutive cohort of 98 patients with ccRCC, 48 patients had metastases, including 28 synchronous and 20 metachronous presentations, with a follow-up of 10 years. For each primary tumor in these metastatic patients, pathologic criteria, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, partitioning-defective 3, CAIX, and programmed death ligand 1 as detected by immunohistochemistry, and complete VHL status were analyzed. Univariate analysis was performed, and survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves compared by log-rank test.
RESULTS: Compared with primary ccRCC in patients with metachronous metastases, primary ccRCC in patients with synchronous metastases were significantly associated with a poorer Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance (P = .045), higher pT status (P = .038), non-inactivated VHL gene (P = .01), sarcomatoid component (P = .007), expression of partitioning-defective 3 (P = .007), and overexpressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (> 50%) (P = .017) and programmed death ligand 1 (P = .019). Patients with synchronous metastases had a worse cancer-specific survival than patients with metachronous metastases even from metastatic diagnosis (median survival, 16 months vs. 46 months, respectively; P = .01).
CONCLUSION: This long-term study is the first to support the notion that synchronous m-ccRCC has a distinct phenotype. This is probably linked to the occurrence of oncogenic events that could explain the worse prognosis. These particular patients with metastases could benefit from specific therapy.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Solene-Florence Kammerer-Jacquet , Angelique Brunot , Adelaide Pladys , Guillaume Bouzille , Julien Dagher , Sarah Medane , Benoit Peyronnet , Romain Mathieu , Gregory Verhoest , Karim Bensalah , Julien Edeline , Brigitte Laguerre , Alexandra Lespagnol , Jean Mosser , Frederic Dugay , Marc-Antoine Belaud-Rotureau , Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq
Publication : Clinical Genitourinary Cancer
Date : 2017
Volume : 15
Issue : 1
Pages : e1-e7
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Talie Musavi , Mirco Migliavacca , Markus Reichstein , Jens Kattge , Christian Wirth , T. Andrew Black , Ivan Janssens , Alexander Knohl , Denis Loustau , Olivier Roupsard , Andrej Varlagin , Serge Rambal , Alessandro Cescatti , Damiano Gianelle , Hiroaki Kondo , Rijan Tamrakar , Miguel D. Mahecha
Publication : Nature Ecology & Evolution
Date : 2017
Volume : 1
Issue : 2
Pages : 0048
Catégorie(s)
#CIRAD #CNRS #FORET CoffeeFlux #FORET PuechabonRésumé
The mimallonid genus Reinmara Schaus, 1928 is revised. The three previously described species, R. enthona (Schaus, 1905), R. minasa Schaus, 1928, and R. wolfei Herbin & C. Mielke, 2014 are redescribed and the females of each are described and figured for the first time. Additionally, we describe four new species, two Andean: R. andensis sp. n. and R. occidentalis sp. n., and two Brazilian: R. atlantica sp. n. and R. ignea sp. n.. The new species R. ignea and R. atlantica are likely of conservation concern due to their rarity in collections and their apparent endemism to an endangered biome, the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Ryan A. St Laurent , Daniel Herbin , Carlos G. C. Mielke
Publication : ZooKeys
Date : 2017
Volume : 677
Pages : 97-129
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Filippo Ciabrelli , Federico Comoglio , Simon Fellous , Boyan Bonev , Maria Ninova , Quentin Szabo , Anne Xuéreb , Christophe Klopp , Alexei Aravin , Renato Paro , Frédéric Bantignies , Giacomo Cavalli
Publication : Nature Genetics
Date : 2017
Volume : 49
Issue : 6
Pages : 876-886
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron de MontpellierRésumé
The human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus expresses a set of transcriptional factors and small RNAs (sRNAs) to adapt to environmental variations. Recent harmonization of staphylococcal sRNA data allowed us to search for novel sRNAs using DETR’PROK, a computational pipeline for identifying sRNA in prokaryotes. We performed RNA-Seq on Newman strain and identified a set of 48 sRNA candidates. To avoid bioinformatic artefacts, we applied a series of cut-offs and tested experimentally each selected intergenic region. This narrowed the field to 24 expressed sRNAs, of which 21 were new and designated with Srn identifiers. Further examination of these loci revealed that one exhibited an unusual condensed sRNA cluster of about 650 nucleotides. We determined the transcriptional start sites within this region and demonstrated the presence of three contiguous sRNA genes (srn_9342, srn_9344 and srn_9345) expressed from the positive strand, and two others (srn_9343 and srn_9346) transcribed from the opposite one. Using comparative genomics, we showed that genetic organization of the srn_9342-9346 locus is specific to Newman and that its expression is growth-phase dependent and subjected to nutrient deprivation and oxidative stress. Finally, we demonstrated that srn_9343 encodes a secreted peptide that could belong to a novel S. aureus toxin-antitoxin system.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Julie Bronsard , Gaetan Pascreau , Mohamed Sassi , Tony Mauro , Yoann Augagneur , Brice Felden
Publication : Scientific Reports
Date : 2017
Volume : 7
Issue : 1
Pages : 4565
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesRésumé
Despite advances in Earth observation and modeling, estimating tropical biomass remains a challenge. Recent work suggests that integrating satellite measurements of canopy height within ecosystem models is a promising approach to infer biomass. We tested the feasibility of this approach to retrieve aboveground biomass (AGB) at three tropical forest sites by assimilating remotely sensed canopy height derived from a texture analysis algorithm applied to the high-resolution Pleiades imager in the Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems Canopy (ORCHIDEE-CAN) ecosystem model. While mean AGB could be estimated within 10% of AGB derived from census data in average across sites, canopy height derived from Pleiades product was spatially too smooth, thus unable to accurately resolve large height (and biomass) variations within the site considered. The error budget was evaluated in details, and systematic errors related to the ORCHIDEE-CAN structure contribute as a secondary source of error and could be overcome by using improved allometric equations.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs E. Joetzjer , M. Pillet , P. Ciais , N. Barbier , J. Chave , M. Schlund , F. Maignan , J. Barichivich , S. Luyssaert , B. Herault , F. von Poncet , B. Poulter
Publication : GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Date : 2017
Volume : 44
Issue : 13
Pages : 6823-6832