Résumé
Ecosystems support the adaptation of societies to global changes through their contributions to people's quality of life. Ecosystem-based adaptation (EBA) implementation remains a challenge and will require changes of practices, structures and processes underpinning human and nature interactions, also considered as co-production of nature’s contributions to adaptation (NCA). We analysed the levers required to implement EBA to reach a future desired by stakeholders of a mountain social-ecological system in the French Alps. Using a participatory backcasting scenario approach and a serious game, local stakeholders were invited to design a desired vision for their region in 2040 and reflect on strategies and levers for reaching it. We analysed co-production actions required to achieve adaptation objectives aligned with the vision. We then assessed how local communities can leverage these actions to navigate a desired adaptation pathway. EBA and landscape multifunctionality are critical to achieve stakeholders’ vision. EBA require substantial adjustments, transformations, or new co-production actions, but natural capital was not a limiting factor for adaptation. Synergies among multiple co-production actions create windows of opportunity for local communities to achieve their vision through the combination of social levers. However, most powerful levers, like collaborative decision-making or common strategy design, appeared the most difficult to activate. EBA is mainly constrained here by social barriers reflecting the lack of collaboration and communication among stakeholders. Recognizing potential contributions of ecosystems to adaptation by maintaining and developing NCA supply can help communities to re-structure and re-think their local social-ecological system to achieve desired and sustainable pathways.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Enora Bruley , Bruno Locatelli , Matt J. Colloff , Nicolas Salliou , Thibault Métris , Sandra Lavorel
Publication : Environmental Science & Policy
Date : 2021
Volume : 124
Pages : 567-579
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Snow depth estimation derived from high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) can lead to improved understanding of the spatially highly heterogeneous nature of snow distribution, as well as help us improve our knowledge of how snow patterns influence local geomorphic processes. Slope deformation processes such as permafrost creep can make it challenging to acquire a snow-free DEM that matches the sub-snow topography at the time of the associated snow-covered DEM, which can cause errors in the computed snow depths. In this study, we illustrate how modelling changes in the sub-snow topography can reduce errors in snow depths derived from DEM differencing in an area of permafrost creep. To model the sub-snow topography, a surface deformation model was constructed by performing non-rigid registration based on B-splines of two snow-free DEMs. Seasonal variations in creep were accounted for by using an optimization approach to find a suitable value to scale the deformation model based on in-situ snow depth measurements or the presence of snow-free areas corresponding to the date of the snow-covered DEM. This scaled deformation model was used to transform one of the snow-free DEMs to estimate the sub-snow topography corresponding to the date of the snow-covered DEM. The performance of this method was tested on an active rock glacier in the southern French Alps for two surveys dates, which were conducted in the winter and spring of 2017.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jason Goetz , Paul Fieguth , Keyvan Kasiri , Xavier Bodin , Marco Marcer , Alexander Brenning
Publication : Remote Sensing of Environment
Date : 2025
Volume : 231
Pages : 111275
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGARésumé
Demographic compensation arises when vital rates change in opposite directions across populations, buffering the variation in population growth rates, and is a mechanism often invoked to explain the stability of species geographic ranges. However, studies on demographic compensation have disregarded the effects of temporal variation in vital rates and their temporal correlations, despite theoretical evidence that stochastic dynamics can affect population persistence in temporally varying environments. We carried out a seven-year-long demographic study on the perennial plant Arabis alpina (L.) across six populations encompassing most of its elevational range. We discovered demographic compensation in the form of negative correlations between the means of plant vital rates, but also between their temporal coefficients of variation, correlations and elasticities. Even if their contribution to demographic compensation was small, this highlights a previously overlooked, but potentially important, role of stochastic processes in stabilising population dynamics at range margins.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marco Andrello , Pierre de Villemereuil , Marta Carboni , Delphine Busson , Marie-Josée Fortin , Oscar E. Gaggiotti , Irène Till‐Bottraud
Publication : Ecology Letters
Date : 2025
Volume : 23
Issue : 5
Pages : 870-880
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Lautaret #UGAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jérôme Chave , Jean Olivier , Frans Bongers , Patrick Châtelet , Pierre-Michel Forget , Peter van der Meer , Natalia Norden , Bernard Riéra , Pierre Charles-Dominique
Publication : Journal of Tropical Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 24
Issue : 4
Pages : 355
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Abstract. The role that soil, foliage, and atmospheric dynamics have on surface carbonyl sulfide (OCS) exchange in a Mediterranean forest ecosystem in southern France (the Oak Observatory at the Observatoire de Haute Provence, O3HP) was investigated in June of 2012 and 2013 with essentially a top-down approach. Atmospheric data suggest that the site is appropriate for estimating gross primary production (GPP) directly from eddy covariance measurements of OCS fluxes, but it is less adequate for scaling net ecosystem exchange (NEE) to GPP from observations of vertical gradients of OCS relative to CO2 during the daytime. Firstly, OCS and carbon dioxide (CO2) diurnal variations and vertical gradients show no net exchange of OCS at night when the carbon fluxes are dominated by ecosystem respiration. This contrasts with other oak woodland ecosystems of a Mediterranean climate, where nocturnal uptake of OCS by soil and/or vegetation has been observed. Since temperature, water, and organic carbon content of soil at the O3HP should favor the uptake of OCS, the lack of nocturnal net uptake would indicate that its gross consumption in soil is compensated for by emission processes that remain to be characterized. Secondly, the uptake of OCS during the photosynthetic period was characterized in two different ways. We measured ozone (O3) deposition velocities and estimated the partitioning of O3 deposition between stomatal and non-stomatal pathways before the start of a joint survey of OCS and O3 surface concentrations. We observed an increasing trend in the relative importance of the stomatal pathway during the morning hours and synchronous steep drops of mixing ratios of OCS (amplitude in the range of 60–100ppt) and O3 (amplitude in the range of 15–30ppb) after sunrise and before the break up of the nocturnal boundary layer. The uptake of OCS by plants was also characterized from vertical profiles. However, the time window for calculation of the ecosystem relative uptake (ERU) of OCS, which is a useful tool for partitioning measured NEE, was limited in June 2012 to a few hours after midday. This was due to the disruption of the vertical distribution of OCS by entrainment of OCS rich tropospheric air in the morning and because the vertical gradient of CO2 reverses when it is still light. Moreover, polluted air masses (up to 700ppt of OCS) produced dramatic variation in atmospheric OCS∕CO2 ratios during the daytime in June 2013, further reducing the time window for ERU calculation.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Sauveur Belviso , Ilja Marco Reiter , Benjamin Loubet , Valérie Gros , Juliette Lathière , David Montagne , Marc Delmotte , Michel Ramonet , Cerise Kalogridis , Benjamin Lebegue , Nicolas Bonnaire , Victor Kazan , Thierry Gauquelin , Catherine Fernandez , Bernard Genty
Publication : Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Date : 2016
Volume : 16
Issue : 23
Pages : 14909-14923
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET O3HPAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Marie-Anne Félix , Christian Braendle , Asher D Cutter
Publication : PloS one
Date : 2025
Volume : 9
Issue : 4
Pages : e94723
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs MARCELY Valois , FERNANDO Z Vaz-de-Mello , Fernando AB Silva
Publication : Zootaxa
Date : 2025
Volume : 4027
Issue : 2
Pages : 205-226
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Michael D Pirie , Lars W Chatrou , Paul JM Maas
Publication : PhytoKeys
Date : 2025
Issue : 112
Pages : 1
Catégorie(s)
#⛔ No DOI found #CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Julian Donald , Mélanie Roy , Uxue Suescun , Amaia Iribar , Sophie Manzi , Léonie Péllissier , Philippe Gaucher , Jérôme Chave
Publication : Journal of Ecology
Date : 2025
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a deadly liver primary cancer associated with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic opportunities. Active transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling is a hallmark of the iCCA microenvironment. However, the impact of TGFβ on the transcriptome of iCCA tumor cells has been poorly investigated. Here, we have identified a specific TGFβ signature of genes commonly deregulated in iCCA cell lines, namely HuCCT1 and Huh28. Novel coding and noncoding TGFβ targets were identified, including a TGFβ-induced long noncoding RNA (TLINC), formerly known as cancer susceptibility candidate 15 (CASC15). TLINC is a general target induced by TGFβ in hepatic and nonhepatic cell types. In iCCA cell lines, the expression of a long and short TLINC isoform was associated with an epithelial or mesenchymal phenotype, respectively. Both isoforms were detected in the nucleus and cytoplasm. The long isoform of TLINC was associated with a migratory phenotype in iCCA cell lines and with the induction of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 8, both in vitro and in resected human iCCA. TLINC was also identified as a tumor marker expressed in both epithelial and stroma cells. In nontumor livers, TLINC was only expressed in specific portal areas with signs of ductular reaction and inflammation. Finally, we provide experimental evidence of circular isoforms of TLINC, both in iCCA cells treated with TGFβ and in resected human iCCA. Conclusion: We identify a novel TGFβ-induced long noncoding RNA up-regulated in human iCCA and associated with an inflammatory microenvironment. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:254-269)
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Aude Merdrignac , Gaëlle Angenard , Coralie Allain , Kilian Petitjean , Damien Bergeat , Pascale Bellaud , Allain Fautrel , Bruno Turlin , Bruno Clément , Steven Dooley , Laurent Sulpice , Karim Boudjema , Cédric Coulouarn
Publication : Hepatology Communications
Date : 2025
Volume : 2
Issue : 3
Pages : 254-269