Résumé
Abstract. Intraspecific trait variation has large effects on the ecosystem and is greatly affected by human activities. To date, most studies focused on single
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Beatriz Diaz Pauli , Eric Edeline , Charlotte Evangelista
Publication : Conservation Physiology
Date : 2020
Volume : 8
Issue : 1
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSRésumé
Ecosystems integrity and services are threatened by anthropogenic global changes. Mitigating and adapting to these changes requires knowledge of ecosystem functioning in the expected novel environments, informed in large part through experimentation and modelling. This paper describes 13 advanced controlled environment facilities for experimental ecosystem studies, herein termed ecotrons, open to the international community. Ecotrons enable simulation of a wide range of natural environmental conditions in replicated and independent experimental units whilst simultaneously measuring various ecosystem processes. This capacity to realistically control ecosystem environments is used to emulate a variety of climatic scenarios and soil conditions, in natural sunlight or through broad spectrum lighting. The use of large ecosystem samples, intact or reconstructed, minimises border effects and increases biological and physical complexity. Measurements of concentrations of greenhouse trace gases as well as their net exchange between the ecosystem and the atmosphere are performed in most ecotrons, often quasi continuously. The flow of matter is often tracked with the use of stable isotope tracers of carbon and other elements. Equipment is available for measurements of soil water status as well as root and canopy growth. The experiments run so far emphasize the diversity of the hosted research. Half of them concern global changes, often with a manipulation of more than one driver. About a quarter deal with the impact of biodiversity loss on ecosystem functioning and one quarter with ecosystem or plant physiology. We discuss how the methodology for environmental simulation and process measurements, especially in soil, can be improved and stress the need to establish stronger links with modelling in future projects. These developments will enable further improvements in mechanistic understanding and predictive capacity of ecotron research which will play, in complementarity with field experimentation and monitoring, a crucial role in exploring the ecosystem consequences of environmental changes.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jacques Roy , François Rineau , Hans J. De Boeck , Ivan Nijs , Thomas Pütz , Samuel Abiven , John A. Arnone , Craig V. M. Barton , Natalie Beenaerts , Nicolas Brüggemann , Matteo Dainese , Timo Domisch , Nico Eisenhauer , Sarah Garré , Alban Gebler , Andrea Ghirardo , Richard L. Jasoni , George Kowalchuk , Damien Landais , Stuart H. Larsen
Publication : Global Change Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 27
Issue : 7
Pages : 1387-1407
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENSAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Régis Cereghino , Bruno Corbara , Céline Leroy , Jean-Francois Carrias
Publication : Hydrobiologia
Date : 2025
Volume : 847
Issue : 2
Pages : 391-402
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Eric Edeline , Gérard Lacroix , Christine Delire , Nicolas Poulet , Stéphane Legendre
Publication : Global Change Biology
Date : 2025
Volume : 19
Issue : 10
Pages : 3062-3068
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUAAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Alexia Stokes , Sébastien Barot , Jean-Christophe Lata , Gérard Lacroix , Clive G. Jones , William J. Mitsch
Publication : Ecological Engineering
Date : 2025
Volume : 45
Pages : 1-4
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #Ecotron IleDeFrance #ENS #PLANAQUARésumé
Size-selective mortality due to harvesting is a threat to numerous exploited species, but how it affects the ecosystem remains largely unexplored. Here, we used a pond mesocosm experiment to assess how evolutionary responses to opposite size-selective mortality interacted with the environment (fish density and light intensity used as a proxy of resource availability) to modulate fish populations, prey community composition and ecosystem functions. We used medaka (
Oryzias latipes
) previously selected over 10 generations for small size (harvest-like selection; small-breeder line) or large size (large-breeder line), which displayed slow somatic growth and early maturity or fast somatic growth and late maturity, respectively. Large-breeder medaka produced more juveniles, which seemed to grow faster than small-breeder ones but only under high fish density. Additionally, large-breeder medaka had an increased impact on some benthic prey, suggesting expanded diet breadth and/or enhanced foraging abilities. As a consequence, increased light stimulated benthic algae biomass only in presence of large-breeder medaka, which were presumably better at controlling benthic grazers. Aggregated effect sizes at the community and ecosystem levels revealed that the ecological effects of medaka evolution were of similar magnitude to those induced by the environment and fish introduction. These findings indicate the important environmental dependency of evolutionary response to opposite size-selective mortality on higher levels of biological organizations.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Charlotte Evangelista , Julia Dupeu , Joakim Sandkjenn , Beatriz Diaz Pauli , Anders Herland , Jacques Meriguet , Leif Asbjørn Vøllestad , Eric Edeline
Publication : Royal Society Open Science
Date : 2025
Volume : 8
Issue : 10
Pages : 210842
Catégorie(s)
#ANR-Citation #CNRS #ENS #PLANAQUARésumé
AbstractBackground and Aims. Several widespread tree species of temperate forests, such as species of the genus Quercus, produce recalcitrant (desiccation-sens
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Thierry Joët , Jean-Marc Ourcival , Stéphane Dussert
Publication : Annals of Botany
Date : 2013
Volume : 111
Issue : 4
Pages : 693-701
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET PuechabonAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Tomáš Pavlíček , Csaba Csuzdi
Publication : Zoology in the Middle East
Date : 2025
Volume : 58
Issue : sup4
Pages : 107-110
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Xu Pan , Mathieu Santonja , Pierre Emmanuel Courty , Olaf Butensch n , Matty Berg , Phil Murray , Benjamin Yguel , Daphn e Brul , Andreas Prinzing
Publication : Authorea
Date : 2020
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #EcoGenO #Université de RennesRésumé
Ecological corridors promote species coexistence in fragmented habitats where dispersal limits species fluxes. The corridor concept was developed and investigated with macroorganisms in mind while microorganisms, the invisible majority of biodiversity, were disregarded. We analyzed the effect of corridors on the dynamics of endospheric fungal assemblages associated with plant roots at the scale of one meter over two years (i.e. at five time points) by combining an experimental corridor-mesocosm with high-throughput amplicon sequencing. We show that the plant root endospheric mycobiota was sensitive to corridor effects when the corridors were set up at a small spatial scale. The endospheric mycobiota of connected plants had higher species richness, lower beta-diversity, and more deterministic assembly than the mycobiota of isolated plants. These effects became more pronounced with the development of host plants. Biotic corridors composed of host plants may thus play a key role in the spatial dynamics of microbial communities and may influence microbial diversity and related ecological functions.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jie Hu , Philippe Vandenkoornhuyse , Fadwa Khalfallah , Romain Causse-Védrines , Cendrine Mony
Publication : New Phytologist
Date : 2025
Volume : n/a
Issue : n/a