Résumé
A new species of Hypaeus Simon 1900 is described from French Guiana based on both sexes, Hypaeus olympeae sp. nov. We employed morphological evidence, field observation, as well as the mitochondrial COI rapidly evolving loci to confirm that both males and females belong to the same species. Finally, nine species are newly recorded for the salticid fauna of French Guiana, Cyllodania fasciata (Caporicaco, 1954) syn. nov. is considered junior synonym of Gypogyna forceps Simon, 1900 and 12 COI sequences corresponding to four previously unsequenced Hypaeus species are added to GenBank.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Cyril Courtial , Kaïna Privet , Xavier Aubriot , Lionel Picard , Julien Pétillon
Publication : Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment
Date : 2023
Volume : 58
Issue : 2
Pages : 439-447
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The neotropical Apicotermitinae is a common and widespread clade of mostly soil-feeding soldierless termites. With few exceptions, species of this group were originally assigned to the genus Anoplotermes Müller, 1873. The application of internal worker morphology coupled with genetic sequencing has recently shed light on the true diversity of this subfamily. Herein, Anoplotermes susanae Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, sp. nov. and four new species in four new genera are described: Hirsutitermes kanzakii Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov., Krecekitermes daironi Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov., Mangolditermes curveileum Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov., and Ourissotermes giblinorum Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov. Worker descriptions are based mainly on worker gut morphology, including the enteric valve, while imagoes were described based on external characters. A Bayesian phylogenetic tree of New World Apicotermitinae was constructed using the complete mitogenome to infer genera relationships and corroborate the taxonomic decisions. Distribution maps and a dichotomic key to the known Neotropical Apicotermitinae genera are provided.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Tiago F. Carrijo , Daniel Castro , Menglin Wang , Joice P. Constantini , Thomas Bourguignon , Eliana M. Cancello , Yves Roisin , Rudolf H. Scheffrahn
Publication : ZooKeys
Date : 2023
Volume : 1167
Pages : 317-352
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Clonostachys (Bionectriaceae, Hypocreales) species are common soil-borne fungi, endophytes, epiphytes, and saprotrophs. Sexual morphs of Clonostachys spp. were placed in the genus Bionectria, which was further segregated into the six subgenera Astromata, Bionectria, Epiphloea, Myronectria, Uniparietina, and Zebrinella. However, with the end of dual nomenclature, Clonostachys became the single depository for sexual and asexual morphtypified species. Species of Clonostachys are typically characterised by penicillate, sporodochial, and, in many cases, dimorphic conidiophores (primary and secondary conidiophores). Primary conidiophores are mononematous, either verticillium-like or narrowly penicillate. The secondary conidiophores generally form imbricate conidial chains that can collapse to slimy masses, particularly on sporodochia. In the present study, we investigated the species diversity within a collection of 420 strains of Clonostachys from the culture collection of, and personal collections at, the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Strains were analysed based on their morphological characters and molecular phylogeny. The latter used DNA sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrDNA (ITS) and partial 28S large subunit (LSU) nrDNA and partial protein encoding genes including the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and β-tubulin (TUB2). Based on these results, the subgenera Astromata, Bionectria, Myronectria and Zebrinella are supported within Clonostachys. Furthermore, the genus Sesquicillium is resurrected to accommodate the former subgenera Epiphloea and Uniparietina. The close relationship of Clonostachys and Sesquicillium is strongly supported as both are inferred phylogenetically as sister-genera. New taxa include 24 new species and 10 new combinations. Recognition of Sesquicillium distinguishes species typically forming a reduced perithecial stroma superficially on plant tissue from species in Clonostachys often forming well-developed, through bark erumpent stromata. The patterns of observed perithecial wall anatomies, perithecial wall and stroma interfaces, and asexual morph diversifications described in a previously compiled monograph are used for interpreting ancestral state reconstructions. It is inferred that the common ancestor of Clonostachys and Sesquicillium may have formed perithecia superficially on leaves, possessed a perithecial wall consisting of a single region, and formed intercalary phialides in penicilli of conidiophores. Character interpretation may also allow hypothesising that diversification of morphs occurred then in the two genera independently and that the frequently stroma-linked Clonostachys morphs evolved together with the occupation of woody host niches and mycoparasitism.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs L. Zhao , J.Z. Groenewald , M. Hernández-Restrepo , H.-J. Schroers , P.W. Crous
Publication : Studies in Mycology
Date : 2023
Volume : 105
Issue : 1
Pages : 204-265
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Electroporation is an increasingly common technique used for exogenous gene expression in live animals, but protocols are largely limited to traditional laboratory organisms. The goal of this protocol is to test
in vivo
electroporation techniques in a diverse array of tadpole species. We explore electroporation efficiency in tissue-specific cells of five species from across three families of tropical frogs: poison frogs (Dendrobatidae), cryptic forest/poison frogs (Aromobatidae), and glassfrogs (Centrolenidae). These species are well known for their diverse social behaviors and intriguing physiologies that coordinate chemical defenses, aposematism, and/or tissue transparency. Specifically, we examine the effects of electrical pulse and injection parameters on species- and tissue-specific transfection of plasmid DNA in tadpoles. After electroporation of a plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP), we found strong GFP fluorescence within brain and muscle cells that increased with the amount of DNA injected and electrical pulse number. We discuss species-related challenges, troubleshooting, and outline ideas for improvement. Extending
in vivo
electroporation to non-model amphibian species could provide new opportunities for exploring topics in genetics, behavior, and organismal biology.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jesse Delia , Maiah Gaines-Richardson , Sarah C. Ludington , Najva Akbari , Cooper Vasek , Daniel Shaykevich , Lauren A. O’Connell , Michael Schubert
Publication : PLOS ONE
Date : 2023
Volume : 18
Issue : 8
Pages : e0289361
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The determinants of phyllosphere microbial communities are drawing much attention given their functional importance for their plant host fitness and health. Identifying these determinants remains challenging in neotropical forests, considering the diversity of the tree hosts and the strong vertical heterogeneity of abiotic conditions within the canopy and at the scale of the leaf. Here, we studied fungal and bacterial communities living in the endophytic and epiphytic phyllosphere in tree species across vertical gradients, from the top of the canopy to the ground. We used DNA metabarcoding to characterize microbial communities and measured abiotic variables and foliar traits to characterize environmental heterogeneity. The assembly of fungal communities was more driven by deterministic processes compared with bacteria, with endo- and epiphytic communities being similarly shaped by the host identity and unmeasured parameters. In contrast, in bacterial communities, the relative importance of deterministic processes decreased from endophytic to epiphytic communities. Bacterial epi- and endophytic communities were partly and differently determined by the position within the canopy, the host identity, and leaf traits, suggesting an effect of the vertical gradient and a stronger selection in the inner tissues of the leaf than on its surface. The tree host exerts a selective pressure on microbial communities but the leaf as microhabitat also contributes significantly to the assembly of microbial communities. Discrepancies exist between fungi and bacteria that probably reflect different life-history traits and ecological strategies, emphasizing the need to study these communities jointly if we are to fully understand plant–phyllosphere interactions.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Heidy Schimann , Corinne Vacher , Sabrina Coste , Eliane Louisanna , Tania Fort , Lucie Zinger
Publication : Phytobiomes Journal
Date : 2023
Pages : PBIOMES-02-23-0013-R
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
Background The genus Camillea was created in 1849 from collections made in French Guiana with eight species included. Numerous species assigned to Camillea were subsequently discovered, especially in the forests of the Amazon basin, but new discoveries have not been reported from French Guiana since 1849. Recent fieldwork in French Guiana has begun to fill this gap by identifying five new species, most of which were collected in the vicinity of Saül village.
Results Based on macro- and micromorphological study of their stromata, including SEM images of ascospore wall ornamentation, five new species were recognized, including C. cribellum, C. heterostomoides, C. nitida, C. rogersii and C. saulensis. Cultures could be obtained for C. heterostomoides and C. rogersii, and ITS and LSU sequences were obtained for all of the five new species. Camillea heterostoma and its variety microspora were shown to be conspecific. Provisional molecular phylogenetic analyses support the possible reinstatement of Hypoxylon melanaspis, currently regarded as merely an applanate form of C. leprieurii.
Conclusion The current study is based on a relatively limited fieldwork in its duration and sampling area but was able to substantially increase the number of Camillea species known from French Guiana. This augurs an exceptional and still unknown diversity of the genus in this area and by extension in the adjacent neotropical forests.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jacques Fournier , Huei-Mei Hsieh , Christian Lechat , Yu-Ming Ju , Delphine Chaduli , Anne Favel
Publication : Botanical Studies
Date : 2023
Volume : 64
Issue : 1
Pages : 31
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The previously monotypic geometrid genus Achagua (Ennominae: Nacophorini) is reviewed following the discovery of three undescribed species. New species are as follows: A. cooperae n. sp. described from Costa Rica, A. magna n. sp. described from Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia; and Achagua velata n. sp. described from French Guiana. Available COI barcode data is briefly reviewed, and adult and genitalic illustrations are provided for each of the four known species.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Tanner A. Matson
Publication : Zootaxa
Date : 2023
Volume : 5352
Issue : 4
Pages : 565-576
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesAuteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Jérémie Lapèze , Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde
Publication : Faunitaxys
Date : 2025
Volume : 12
Issue : 3
Pages : 1-23
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The biodiversity of tropical rainforest is difficult to assess. Yet, its estimation is necessary for conservation purposes, to evaluate our level of knowledge and the risks faced by the forest in relation to global change. Our contribution is to estimate the regional richness of tree species from local but widely spread inventories. We reviewed the methods available, which are nonparametric estimators based on abundance or incidence data, log-series extrapolation and the universal species-area relationship based on maximum entropy. Appropriate methods depend on the scale considered. Harte’s self-similarity model is suitable at the regional scale, while the log-series extrapolation is not. GuyaDiv is a network of forest plots installed over the whole territory of French Guiana, where trees over 10 cm DBH are identified. We used its information (1315 species censused in 68 one-hectare plots) to estimate the exponent of the species-area relationship, assuming Arrhenius’s power law. We could then extrapolate the number of species from three local, wide inventories (over 2.5 km2). We evaluated the number of tree species around 2200 over the territory.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Eric Marcon , Ariane Mirabel , Jean-François Molino , Daniel Sabatier
Publication : Journal of Tropical Ecology
Date : 2025
Volume : 40
Pages : e11
Catégorie(s)
#CNRS #FORET NouraguesRésumé
The genus Tamphana Schaus, 1892 is revised. The transfer of Tamphana from Bombycidae to Apatelodidae is confirmed. The study, based on examination of habitus, genitalia, and barcoding, leads to the separation of the various species currently placed within Tamphana into two distinct genera. Examination of genitalia of specimens supposedly belonging to the species T. marmorea Schaus, 1892 revealed strikingly different characters leading to description of nine new species: T. awa n. sp. from Maranhão, Brazil, T. ampliata n. sp. from Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela and Ecuador, T. picobonitensis n. sp. from Honduras and Costa Rica, T. furtadoi n. sp. from Mato Grosso, Brazil, T. lauriei n. sp. from Belize, T. lucifer n. sp. from French Guiana, T. paranensis n. sp. from Brazil (Minas Gerais and Paraná), T. tikuna n. sp. from Colombia, Peru and Brazil (Amazonas), T. tripertita n. sp. from French Guiana. The adults and genitalia of all the new species are figured. A lectotype for Tamphana marmorea is here designated and figured. In the genus Tuyvae Orlandin, Piovesan & Carneiro, 2024, recently published, to the two already described species: Tuyvae maoma (Schaus, 1920) and Tuyvae orion (Dognin, 1916), two additional new species are described: Tuyvae douglasboyesi n. sp. from Colombia and Tuyvae carabaya n. sp. from Peru. A lectotype for Tuyvae orion is here designated and figured.
Auteurs, date et publication :
Auteurs Daniel Herbin , Alessandro Giusti , Carlos G. C. Mielke
Publication : Faunitaxys
Date : 2025
Volume : 12
Issue : 61
Pages : 1-31